2016年托福浏览重难点详解

　　为了赞助泛博考生们加倍有用的进步托福浏览成就，yjbys网小编为大师供给2016托福浏览重难点详细剖析，但愿考生们能有所收成。

　　重点一：细节题考核切肯定位

　　托福浏览中的细节题实在不难，但条件是定位的点要对，比方上面这个例题：

　　Two species of deer have been prevalent in the Puget Sound area of Washington State in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. The black-tailed deer, a lowland, west-side cousin of the mule deer of eastern Washington, is now the most common. The other species, the Columbian white-tailed deer, in earlier times was common in the open prairie country, it is now restricted to the low, marshy islands and flood plains along the lower Columbia River.

　　According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of the white-tailed deer of Puget Sound?

　　A. It is native to lowlands and marshes.

　　B. It is more closely related to the mule deer of eastern Washington than to other types of deer.

　　C. It has replaced the black-tailed deer in the open prairie.

　　D. It no longer lives in a particular type of habitat that it once occupied.

　　这是一个典范的细节题，在该题题干中，有的考生会挑选Puget Sound作为关头词回原文定位，由于它是专着名词，在文中会比拟背眼。可是若是一旦挑选了这个地名，必将会定位在该段的第一句话，托福细节题常常是定位在哪句就在哪句找谜底，如许的话考生是选不出准确谜底的，由于定位不切确。实在准确的关头词应当是white-tailed deer，这个用连字符毗连的词在文章中也是比拟夺目标，按该词定位应是该段最初一句话。以是按照它的意义应当选D项。此中A项与原句意义不符，B和C都与定位句信息有关。咱们再来看别的一个否认现实细节题的例子：

　　Plant communities assemble themselves flexibly, and their structure depends on the particular history of the area. Ecologists use the term “succession” to refer to the changes that happen in plant communities and ecosystems over time. The first community in a succession is called a pioneer community, while the long-lived community at the end of succession is called a climax community. Pioneer and successional plant communities are said to change over periods from 1 to 500 years. These changes—in plant numbers and the mix of species—are cumulative. Climax communities themselves change but over periods of time greater than about 500 years.

　　According to paragraph 1, which of the following is NOT true of climax communities?

　　A. They occur at the end of a succession.

　　B. They last longer than any other type of community.

　　C. The numbers of plants in them and the mix of species do not change

　　D. They remain stable for at least 500 years at a time.

　　这个题大师城市挑选用climax communities去定位，但在定位进程中会呈现良多标题题目。起首考生要学会腾跃式定位，即按照文章中特别的标点标记和最夺目标词来搜刮咱们真正须要的关头词。文中的particular是加了暗影的，succession是在引号外面的，都很是夺目，经由过程看这两个词咱们会发明它们四周不咱们须要的工具;再比拟凸起的便是数字及破折号，在500的上方有a climax community，但它是双数，与题干关头词不完整婚配，细节题讲求的是切肯定位，以是咱们应当挑选500斜下方的Climax communities，即该段的最初一句话。否认现实细节题的出题思绪有两种：一是惹是生非，即按照定位点的内容，四个选项只需一个不提到，这类思绪多合用于选项比拟冗长的标题题目;二是张冠李戴，即按照定位点的内容表述，只需一个选项与之抵触，这类思绪多顺应于选项比拟长的标题题目。就这个例题而言，按照定位的最初一句话，从表述下去说跟它相干的只需C和D两个选项，D项的意义与原句符合，而C项与原句抵触，以是准确谜底是C。综上所述，做新托福浏览的细节题，最重要的一点便是要尽可能地去切肯定位。

　　重点二：有标的目的中埋没标的目的。

　　新托福浏览测验中绝大局部标题题目都是对应详细段落的，这会为考生节流良多时候。可是也不解除有少许标题题目标规模比拟大或比拟恍惚，考生在寻觅谜底时不免一头雾水，费时吃力。实在这些看似不明肯定位标的目的的标题题目都是潜伏玄机的。上面咱们就来看一个例子：

　　Wind power has a significant cost advantage over nuclear power and has become competitive with coal-fired power plants in many places. With new technological advances and mass production, projected cost declines should make wind power one of the world’s cheapest ways to produce electricity. In the long run, electricity from large wind farms in remote areas might be used to make hydrogen gas from water during periods when there is less than peak demand for electricity. The hydrogen gas could then be fed into a storage system and used to generate electricity when additional or backup power is needed.

　　Wind power is most economical in areas with steady winds. In areas where the wind dies down, backup electricity from a utility company or from an energy storage system becomes necessary. Backup power could also be provided by linking wind farms with a solar cell, with conventional or pumped-storage hydropower, or with efficient natural-gas-burning turbines. Some drawbacks to wind farms include visual pollution and noise, although these can be overcome by improving their design and locating them in isolated areas.

　　Based on the information in paragraph 3 and paragraph 4, what can be inferred about the states of North Dakota, South Dakota, and Texas mentioned at the end of paragraph 1?

　　A.They rely largely on coal-fired power plants.

　　B.They contain remote areas where the winds rarely die down.

　　C.Over 1 percent of the electricity in these states is produced by wind farms.

　　D.Wind farms in these states are being expanded to meet the power needs of the United States.

　　这个标题题目标题干与及到三个段落，而现实上考生底子不须要去看第一段的内容，由于谜底根据的是第三、四段的信息，可是这两个段落若是都看的话内容也不少，从招考的角度来讲太费时候。准确的做法应当是从选项中发掘一下标的目的。A项里大师普通城市挑选有连字符的coal-fired作为关头词去定位，B项不比拟背眼的词就只能选名词短语remote areas，C项选1 percent，D项选the United States。选完关头词咱们不难发明除B项不大好定位之外，其余三个选项的关头词都很夺目。颠末定位，A项应当去比对第3段的第一句话，意义较着抵触;B项不好找，能够临时跳过;C项和D项的关头词在这两段都找不到，这就属于新托福浏览中推理题的毛病谜底设想方式之一 ——惹是生非。以是固然咱们不去考证B项的说法是不是准确，但颠末解除也只能选B了。如许的做题方式就会省时省力，且谜底也是准确的。在测验中，这类环境常常会影响考生的表情，进而影响程度的阐扬，可是只需咱们领会了ETS出题的套路就能把它们轻松搞定。

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