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SECTION III Reading Comprehension
( 50 minutes)
Read tile following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Text 1Austerity is a word often found on the lips of politicians and economists at the moment, but it
is seldom heard from technologists. And although the idea that "less is more" has many adherents in architecture, design and fashion, the technology industry has historically espoused the opposite view. Products should have as many features as possible; and next year's version should have even more. As prices fall, what starts off as a fancy new feature quickly becomes commonplace--try buying a phone without a camera, or a car without electric windows--prompting companies to add new features in an effort to outdo their rivals. Never mind if nobody uses most of these new fea-tures. In an arms race, more is always more.
But now there are signs that technologists are waking up to the benefits of minimalism, thanks to two things: feature fatigue among consumers who simply want things to work, and strong de- mand from less affluent consumers in the developing world. It is telling that the market value of Apple, the company most closely associated with simple, elegant high-tech products, recently overtook that of Microsoft, the company with the most notorious case of new-features. True, Apple's products contain lots of features under the hood, but the company has a knack for concea- ling such complexities by using elegant designs. Other companies have also prospered by providing easy-to-use products: think of the Nintendo Wii video-game console or the Flip video camera. Gadgets are no longer just for geeks, and if technology is to appeal to a broad audience, simplicity trumps fancy specificatiorns.
Another strand of techno-austerity can be found in software that keeps things simple in order to reduce distractions and ensure that computer-users remain focused and productive. Many word pro- cessors now have special full-screen modes, so that all unnecessary and distracting menus, palettes and so on are disabled or hidden; rather than fiddling with font sizes or checking e-mail, you are encouraged to get on with your writing. If the temptation to have a quick look at proves too much, there are programs that will disable access to particular websites at specified times of day; and if that is not draconian enough, there are even some programs that can block internet ac- cess altogether. A computer on which some features are not present, or have been deliberately disa- bled, may in fact be more useful if you are trying to get things done. There are no distracting hy- perlinks on a typewriter. Then there is the phenomenon of "frugal" innovation. Low-cost laptops were inspired to be produced for children in poor countries, but have since proved popular with consumers around the world.
All this offers grounds for hope. If the feature-obsessed technology industry can change its tune, perhaps there is a chance that governments--which have also tended to be inveterate believers in the idea that more is more--might also come to appreciate the merits of minimalism.
51. What does "less is more" mean?
A. The less expensive a product is, the more popular it will be.
B. The simpler a product is, the better the design is.
C. The less fancy a product looks, the more competitive it becomes.
D. The fewer features a product has, the more difficult to sell it.
52. Who used to believe in the concept tl)at "more is more"?
A. Politicians and economists.
B. Technologists.
C. Architectural designers.
D. Fashion designers.
53. The importance of minimalism has been realized for the following reasons EXCEPT that
A. consumer preference has changed and frugality has been highly valued.
B. consumers want to buy new products regardless of their features.
C. Apple's products show a smart combination of features and design.
D. high-tech products with an elegant appearance are getting popular.
54. What type of computers will probably represent the trend?
A. Computers with hypedinks.
B. Computers with new functions.
C. Computers with fairly comprehensive programs.
D. Computers with hidden features used at users' disposal.
55. What is the most suitable title for the text?
A. In Praise of Techno-austerity
B. Frugality Is the Mother of Invention
C. Simplicity vs. Complexity
D. Obsession with Features
Text 2
Miserabilists' fear of change; idealists' hope for a better world; an all-purpose adult nostalgia for lost youth: all these things ensure a ready hearing for claims that childhood is in crisis. Britons are especially worried. They fear that the young today are sadder than previous generations-- stressed, and turned off learning by too much testing. Children may be nastier as well: bullying is an "epidemic" in schools, according to one recent survey. They seem in danger like never before.No wonder a report published on February 2nd by the Children's Society, entitled "A Good Childhood", claiming that far too few British children have one, has received widespread notice. Children suffer because adults put their own needs first, the panel concluded, and only a wholesale shift away from competitiveness and individualism can save them. Right-wing commentators agreed with its criticism of single parents and working mothers, left-wing ones with its call for more redis- tribution of income and less-advertising to children. Both overlooked one striking finding: that most children are doing just fine.
Amid the statistics on teenage pregnancy rates ( higher than elsewhere in Europe, lower than in America), mental illness (a tenth of 5-16-year-olds are sufferers) and drunkenness (a third of 13-15-year-olds have been drunk at least twice, a share three times higher than the European aver- age), came some more heartening figures: 70% of ll-16-year-olds say they are very, or com- pletely, happy, and only 4% say that they are at all unhappy. The report rolls the latter in with the9% of children who describe themselves as neither happy nor unhappy to claim that 13% are "less than happy". But clearly, very few children agree with adults that they are in deep trouble.
In "Reclaiming Childhood", Helene Guldberg, a child psychologist at the Open University, examines the same facts and draws different conclusions. Rising rates of mental illness among the young, she argues, reflect readier diagnosis, and bullying has increased because the word is now used to mean the infliction of even the slightest emotional bruise. She thinks many attempts to im- prove children's lives, such as anti-bullying campaigns, and the parenting lessons proposed by the Children's Society, are likely to be counterproductive. "Suggesting that all parents need to be taught how to do their job risks creating a self-fulfilling belief in parents' incompetence and children's lack of resilience," she says.
Britain is no Utopia, of course. As in other rich countries, children find it too easy to sit in- doors, staring at screens and overeating. They lack the protection afforded by the Nordic belief in the sacredness of outdoor play, or the shared family meals of Mediterranean countries. A large mi- nority ape their elders' drinking habits and a few, but still too many, become parents while still children themselves.
56. Britons are worried about the following EXCEPT that
A. children's learning is crammed with too much testing.
B. they are confronted with a lot of hardships in their life.
C. there is more and more school violence in Britain today.
D. young Britons today are sadder than previous generations.
57. The report published by the Children's Society
A. was criticized by right-wing commentators.
B. has aroused the attention of the general public.
C. concluded that most children in Britain are doing fine.
D. argued that single-parents should put children's needs first.
58. According to statistics, teenagers in Britain
A. have a higher pregnancy rate than those in America.
B. agree with adults that childhood in Briton is in crisis.
C. describe themselves, in great numbers, as neither happy nor unhappy.
D. suffer more serious drinking problems than those in Europe.
59. In "Reclaiming Childhood", the author argues that
A. mental problems among the young should be diagnosed carefully.
B. campaigns aimed at improving children's lives are very effective.
C. more bullying occurs because its definition has been extended.
D. parents should be taught how to fulfill their parental duties.
60. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that
A. britons should revive the tradition of shared family meals.
B. teenage parents evade responsibility of raising their children.
C. drinking habits pass down from generation to generation.
D. there isrich variety of indoor activities for British children.
Text 3
Daffodils bloom and chocolate eggs melt as the long Easter weekend draws near. Alongside such pleasures is another, equally seasonal: the annual outpouring from the teaching unions' con- ferences, whose massed pedagogues can always be relied on to provide a few news stories to de- light the headline writers.
Guaranteed are lamentations about parents and pupils, both inferior to those of yesteryear in various, not always consistent, ways. Fairly standard attempts to blame the raw materials rather than inadequate workmen, but these moans are given a ready hearing because they confirm the fears of many readers ( and not a few editors) that the nation's moral fibre is in shreds.
Also lapped up are the crazy conference motions, such as the proposal in 2007 for a curricu- lum based on fancy "skills" rather than fusty "knowledge". Union activists in most walks of life are well to the left of those they represent, and teaching-union loyalists are no exception. But such stories resonate because they fit the widespread stereotype of teachers as sandal-wearing, Guardian- reading lefties. It is one that has little evidence to back it up. The Guardian is indeed the profession's favourite newspaper, but not by miles. And teachers, tendency to vote Labour is of recent origin, and may not last.
In the run-up to the 1979 election that brought Margaret Thatcher to victory, most teachers told pollsters they intended to vote Conservative. When in 1987 they defected, disillusioned by low spending on schools, they turned first to the Liberal-Social Democratic Party Alliance, the third party, before coming round to the charms of Tony Blair. In 1997, fifty-nine percent intended to vote Labour, nearly four times more than fancied the Tories. But fewer have voted Labour in each subsequent election. In 2008, the Times Education Supplement found overwhelming disapproval among teachers of Labour's school policies and a shift in voting intentions.
Teaching is in some ways a natural job for the conservatively inclined. Like the police, teach- ers see too much of human nature to remain starry-eyed. And even the dogged idealists privately admit that traditional fight-wing policies, such as physical punishment and academic selection, would make their jobs easier.
But teachers' politics are also shaped by those who train them and by the nature of the work. Both are changing. Who, ile teachers were voting Tory in 1979, education academics were intoxicated with child-centred education and discovery learning, and were turning out new teachers in that mould. The academics are still pretty left-leaning, but nearly a quarter of new teachers now train in schools rather than universities, up from a handful ten years ago. All are coming to grips with a very different profession: one shaped by a national curriculum with tests and targets.
61. The teaching unions' conferences hold the attention of the media because
A. they produce delightful news stories about teachers and students.
B. they coincide with the coming of the spring and Easter holiday.
C. teachers' quality has become a consistent public concern.
D. teachers' complaints are in agreement with the public fear of moral decline.
D. suffer more serious drinking problems than those in Europe.
59. In "Reclaiming Childhood", the author argues that
A. mental problems among the young should be diagnosed carefully.
B. campaigns aimed at improving children's lives are very effective.
C. more bullying occurs because its definition has been extended.
D. parents should be taught how to fulfill their parental duties.
60. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that
A. britons should revive the tradition of shared family meals.
B. teenage parents evade responsibility of raising their children.
C. drinking habits pass down from generation to generation.
D. there isrich variety of indoor activities for British children.
61. The teaching unions' conferences hold the attention of the media because
A. they produce delightful news stories about teachers and students.
B. they coincide with the coming of the spring and Easter holiday.
C. teachers' quality has become a consistent public concern.
D. teachers' complaints are in agreement with the public fear of moral decline.
62. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Teaching-union activists are more left-leaning than teachers they represent.
B. Teaching-union activists disagree on what should be included in curriculum.
C. Teachers are perceived by the public as a conservative group.
D. Teachers view themselves as liberal and left-leaning Guardian readers.
63. It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that
A. Tony Blair's charms tipped the balance in Labour's favor.
B.Labour's policies are not favorable towards teachers.
C. teachers' voting intentions have been shifting to Labour.
D. the Tories have gained the favor of teachers because of their policies.
64. The word "starry-eyed" ( line 2, para. 5) probably means
A. liberal.
B. individualistic.
C. idealistic.
D. pragmatic.
65. It can be concluded from the last paragraph that
A. teachers' training has been improved in the past ten years.
B. teachers are politically inclined towards left-wing policies.
C. child-centered education and discovery learning tend to be out of date.
D. influence of academic training on new teachers has been lessened.
SECXION III Reading Comprehension
PartA
Text l
政治家和经济学家常常会提到“俭仆”这个词，但科技专家却少有益用。在修建，设想和时髦等范畴，良多人城市撑持“少便是多”的概念，但在科技范畴，人们向来都持否决定见。产物的功效天然是越多越好;而其来岁的新版本具有的功效则应当更多。跟着价钱的下跌，一起头引人眼球的新特征很快变得普通无奇——不信的话你能够也许买部不摄像功效的手机或是一辆没电动车窗的车子——这使得各个公司为了赛过它们的合作敌手，竞相为自身的产物增添新的特点。不论有不人会用这些新功效，在武备比赛中，多多益善二有迹象标明，此刻科技职员已熟悉到了繁复的益处，它得益于两点：花费者只须要普通任务的产物从而对产物的新特征发生倦怠，和成长中国度中不非常敷裕的花费者的激烈请求。比来，听说苹果公司的市场代价跨越了微软。苹果公司以简略奇妙的高科技产物而著名，而微软则著名于其层见叠出，繁复的新特征。固然，苹果的产物也包罗良多新特征，但这个公司有本事能使这些繁复的工具存身于其奇妙的产物设想中。其余公司一样一样成功地推出了简略易用的产物：想一想任地狱的 wii游戏机或是翻转式摄像机。精致玩艺儿不再只是电脑怪才们的专属，若是手艺是为了吸收泛博的观众，比起富丽，简略的设想会更胜一筹。
在软件方面，咱们亦可发明：简略的设想能够也许削减搅扰，确保计较机用户在利用进程中能够也许集合精力，进步任务效力。良多笔墨处置软件此刻都有出格的全屏形式，统统不用要和分离注重力的菜单、调色板等部件都被关掉或埋没了。与其花时辰去调剂字体巨细或查抄电子邮件，还不如延续写作。若是驱利用户疾速浏览的引诱太多，那末在某个特定时辰，用户将被禁止延续拜候;若是这还不够峻厉，乃至有软件能完全将收集毗连断掉。在任务的时辰，一部功效不完全，或被人为封闭的电脑现实上更有益于任务。在打字机上可不甚么让人专心的超链接。斟酌到那些贫苦国度的孩子，人们被鼓动勉励去出产那些“俭仆”立异低本钱的条记本电脑，但现实证实它们却遭到了天下各地花费者的喜爱。
这统统让人们有理由满怀但愿。若是努力于特征开辟的那些科技财产能够也许改变其成长标的目的，也许连当局也会丢弃那些积重难返的“多便是多”的设法，转而赏识繁复主义。
51.C【精析】推理题。标题标题问题问的是…less is more’的意义是甚么?”。文章第一段提到“As prices fall，what starts off as a fancy new fea—ture quickly becomes commonplace--try buying a phone without acamera，or a car without electric windows--prompting companies to add new features in an effort to outdo their rivals.”，可知，跟着商品价钱的降落，花费者更情愿去采办那些表面很简略的商品，而这类趋向有形中也增添了公司的合作力。故选C。
52.B【精析】细节题。标题标题问题问的是“曩昔谁一贯信任‘more is more’这类概念?”。按照第一段第二句“And although the idea that”lessis more“has many adherents in architecture，design and fashion，the technology industry has historically espoused the oppositeview.”可知，修建、设想以实时髦等范畴以为“少便是多”，可是手艺财产的人却持有相反的概念，敌选B。
53.D【精析】推理题。标题标题问题问的是“繁复的主要性得以实现不是由于上面哪项缘由?”。按照第二段第二句“It is telling that the marketvalue of Apple，the company most closely associated with simple，elegant high—tech products，recently overtook that of Microsoft，thecompany with the most notorious case of new—features.”可知苹果公司的产物以繁复文雅著称，后文也提到了其产物中也包罗良多新特征，可是经由过程奇妙的设想，那些特征就显得不那末较着，特征与设想的连系让苹果产物受接待，同时也使繁复的概念深切民气，故解除C项。按照第二段第一句“But now there aresigns that technologists are waking up to the benefits of minimal—ism，thanks to two things：feamre fatigue among consumers whosimply want things to work，and strong demand from less affluentconsumers in the developing world.”可知，花费者的心思对繁复主义是有影响的，只需商品有助于他们实现任务，特征就显得不那末主要了，故解除A，B项。文中并不提到那些表面设想文雅的产物的受接待对人们熟悉到繁复主义主要性发生影响，故选D。
54.D【精析】细节题。标题标题问题问的是“以下罗列的具有哪一种特征的电脑将成为潮水?”。按照第三段的倒数第三句“A computer on whichsome features are not present，or have been deliberately disabled，may in fact be more useful if you are trying to get things done.”可知，人们须要把注重力集合在任务上，那些会分离注重力的特征就必须埋没起来，以是那些功效被埋没起来的电脑应当会更遭到喜爱，故选D。
55.A【精析】大旨题。标题标题问题问的是“最合适文章的标题标题问题是哪一个?”。文章以“俭仆”开首，引出话题，不只是修建设想以实时髦范畴的人熟悉到繁复的主要性，就连一贯撑持“多便是多”概念的科技财产者们也逐步的熟悉到这一点，作者带着主动的立场必定科技繁复的主要性，故选A。
Text 2
绝望主义者惧怕改变，抱负主义者希冀有更好的天下，功成名就者纪念逝去的芳华。统统这些动听们有理由宣称童年期间正处于危急当中。英国人尤其耽忧，他们惧怕此刻的高压力和繁重的课业会让年青一代比上一代人更绝望。最新查询拜访显现，仗势欺人在黉舍已成为一种“高潮”，孩子的环境能够会更糟：他们仿佛面对着史无前例的风险。这也就难怪儿童协会在2月2日宣布了一份题为“一个夸姣的童年”的报告，这份获得遍及正视的报告宣称少大都英国儿童有一个夸姣的童年。孩子刻苦是由于成年人把自身的须要放在第一名。协会指出，只要阔别了合作力和小我主义，他们能力够也许得以解救。右翼攻讦家攻讦仳离的怙恃和任务的母亲，而右翼权势则号令收入再分派，削减跟儿童有关的告白。他们都疏忽了很主要的一点：现实上大大都孩子都表现很好。
在统计了青少年有身率(高于欧洲其余处所，低于美国)，精力疾病(5至16春秋阶段的青少年有非常之一是患者)和酗酒(在l3至l5岁之间，三分之一的青少年最少喝过两次酒，每一个春秋阶段都高于欧洲均匀程度的3倍)等项后，该协会得出了使人奋发的数据：ll至l6岁的青少年中，有70%说他们很欢愉，只要4%说他们底子不高兴。报告成果厥后有了摆动，与9%的描写自身既不高兴又不疾苦的孩子不异，成果显现，13%是不欢愉的。但明显，成年人以为他们深陷窘境，但很少孩子会同意这个概念。
在“找回童年”中，开放大学儿童心思学家海琳·哥尔柏格，在做了不异的测试后却获得了差别的论断。她以为，年青人精力疾病率回升反应出不变靠得住的诊断和凌辱增添了，由于“bully”这个词此刻用来指施加的疾苦，哪怕是最轻细的感情上的危险。良多改良孩子们糊口的测验测验，如反凌辱勾当，和被儿童协会提出的育儿经历的勾当，成果能够会拔苗助长。她说，“这标明统统的怙恃须要被教诲若何做他们的任务，在对怙恃能干和儿童贫乏顺应力上要有自身的信心。”
固然，英国不是乌托邦。在其余发财国度，很轻易看到孩子坐在室内，盯着屏幕，暴饮暴食。他们贫乏北欧崇高崇奉所供给的对户外顽耍的掩护，也不像地中海国度国民那样同享家庭会餐。良多人去仿照尊长，养成了酗酒的习气，同时也另有良多人，在他们自身都仍是孩子的时辰就已为人父为人母了。
56.A【精析】细节题。标题标题问题问的是“英国人不关怀上面的哪一项?”。按照第一段中“They fear that the young today are sadder than pre—vious generations--stressed，and turned off learning by too muchtesting.Children may be nastier as well：bullying is atl‘epidemic’in schools，according to one recent survey.They seem in dangerlike never before.”可看出英国的孩子面对着一些坚苦，暴力是此中之一，故解除B，C项。英国人耽忧年青的一代会更绝望，故解除D项。他们耽忧的不是对孩子停止的填鸭式的教导，而是惧怕孩子压力太大，谢绝进修，故选A。
57.C【精析】细节题。标题标题问题问的是“对儿童协会中一篇报告的标题问题。”按照第二段最初一句“Both overlooked one striking finding：that most children are doing lust fine.”可知，右翼和右翼权势都轻忽了报告中的这一点，即大大都孩子都表现很好。故选C。
58.D【精析】细节题。标题标题问题问的是“按照文中供给的数据，咱们能够也许获得的对英国青少年的甚么信息?”。由“Amid the statistics oil teenage pregnancy rates(higher than elsewhere in Europe，lowerthan in America)，”可看出英国青少年的有身率低于美国，故解除A项。由“But clearly，very few children agree with adults thatthey are in deep trouble.”可知，很少有孩子说他们堕入到费事中，故解除B项。由“the 9%of children who describe themselvesas neither happy nor unhappy”可知，只要9%的孩子说他们既不高兴也不疾苦，“9%”跟“in great numbers”不是一个概念，故解除C项。按照第三段第一句“…drurkkenness(a third of l3—15.year-olds have been drunk at least twice，a share three times higherthan the European average)”可知，在英国的l3岁至l5岁的青少年中，每一个春秋段酗酒率都是高于欧洲国度均匀程度的，故选D。
59.D【精析】细节题。标题标题问题问的是“在找回童年的测试中，作者主意了甚么?”。文中第四段“Suggesting that all parents need to be taughthow to do their job risks creating a self-fulfilling belief in parents’incompetence and children’s lack of resilience.”，怙恃应当学些对怙恃的义务的常识，故选D。
60.B【精析】推理题。标题标题问题问的是“从最初一段咱们能够也许猜测出甚么?”。英国的孩子不能像别的国度的孩子那样享用童年的兴趣，文中有“A large minodty ape their elders’drinking habits and afew，but still toO many，become parents while still children them—selves.”，能够也许看出，作为怙恃，他们回避义务，乃至有些怙恃自身仍是孩子，就做了怙恃，不做好楷模感化，故选B。
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参考译文
当冗长的新生节周末来姑且，水仙花怒放，巧克力蛋熔化。一样的季候，有另外一件让人高兴的任务：A。4f]依托每一年从教员工会的集会中出现出的教导者供给的一些消息来愉悦时势作家。
对家长和先生的保障让人哀叹，还不如旧日那些半途而废的体例。普通人都诡计指责质料，而不是贫乏工人，但人们情愿去听这些嗟叹，由于他们确认良多读者(而不是大都的编辑)的耽忧，国度的品德实质已是支离破裂了。
猖狂的集集会案也被怅然接管，如在2007年提出的基于崇高高贵技术而不是过期常识课程的倡议。大大都行业的工会勾当家方向于他们所代表的右翼权势，讲授工会的撑持者也不破例。但如许的事务引发了共识，由于它们合适教员遍及的呆板抽象——穿戴凉鞋，读着《卫报》，代表着右翼份子。但现实上，几近不甚么证据来撑持它。《卫报》不愧是该行业中最受接待的报纸，但其受众面并不广。教员撑持工党是比来才鼓起的，它能够不会延续太久。
1979年的竞选给撒切尔夫人带来成功，在民心查询拜访中大局部教员筹算投票给激进党。l987年他们对黉舍的低收入感应绝望，转而投靠自在社会民主党同盟，其是在托尼·布莱尔下台之前的第三大党。1997年，59%的人意投工党的票，人数几近是撑持激进党的四倍。但在以后的推举中，很少有人投票给工党。2008年，《时期教导增刊》发明教员对工党政策的死力否决从而改变了其表决动向。
在某些方面，讲授对激进偏向的人来讲是分内之事。像差人一样，教员们把人的本性看的太抱负化。就连固执的抱负主义者暗里也认可，传统的右翼政策，如体罚和学术提拔，城市使他们的任务更轻易。
但教员的政见也遭到那些培育他们的人和任务自身的性子的影响。二者都是不时变更的。l979年当教员们给激进党投票的时辰，教导学者都沉醉于以孩子为中间的教导和发明进修，同时培育一批新的教员。学者们依然相称左倾，但与十年前比拟，此刻近四分之一的新教员培训是在学院而不是大学。此刻统统都环绕着一个全新的专业：一个由国度课程经由过程测试和方针塑造的专业。
谜底及剖析
61.A【精析】细节题。标题标题问题问的是“教员工会捉住了媒体存眷的缘由。”文中第一段的最初一句有“…the annual outpouring from theteaching unions’conferences，whose massed pedagogues can alwaysbe relied on to provide a few news stories to delight the headlinewriters.”，故选A。
62.C【精析】细节题。标题标题问题问的是“上面哪一个阐述是对的?”。文中第三段的第三句有，“But such stories resonate because they fit thewidespread stereotype of teachers as sandal—wearing，Guardian—read—ing lefties.”，教员给人穿戴凉鞋.读着《卫报》，代表着右翼份子的呆板印象，也便是传统保守的印象，故选C。
63.B【精析】推理题：标题标题问题问的是“从第四段能够也许揣度出甚么?”。从文中第四段的最初一句“In 2008，the Times Education Supplementfound overwhelming disapproval among teachers of Labour’s schoolpolicies and a shift in voting intentions.”可知，工党出台的黉舍政策对教员是有利的，故选B。
64.C【精析】推理题。标题标题问题问的是…stalTy—eyed’是甚么意义?”。后文中第五段的第三句有“And even the dogged idealists privately ad—mit that traditional fight—wing policies，such as physical punishmentand academic selection，would make their jobs easier.’’“and even’’申明前后说的是一样的事，前面是抱负主义者提出的概念，以是之前的是说教员把人的本性看的太抱负化，故选C。
65.D【精析】推理题。标题标题问题问的是“从最初一段能够也许总结出甚么?”。从最初一段最初两句“The academics are still pretty left—leaning，but nearly a quarter of new teachers now train in schools rather thanuniversities，up from a handful ten years ago.All are coming to gipswith a very different profession：one shaped by a national curriculumwith tests and targets.”可知，培训教员是在十年前就有所进步，而不是在曩昔的十年里进步的，故解除A项。“The academics arestill pretty left—leaning，”，教员在学术上左倾，并不是在政治上左倾，故解除B项。由最初一段第三句“While teachers were votingtory in l979，education academics were intoxicated with child--cen—tred education and discovery learning，and were turning out newteachers in that mould.”看出以孩子为中间的讲授体例不会过期，故解除C项。综合第四段，学术操练的影响逐步在削弱，故选D。
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