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天下大众品级测验二级浏览重点展望试题
Not everything that is faced can be changed, but nothing can be changed until it is faced.以下是小编为大师搜刮清算的天下大众品级测验二级浏览重点展望试题，但愿能给大师带来赞助!更多出色内容请实时存眷咱们应届毕业生测验网!
In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 51 —— 55, choose the most suitable one from the list A. - [G] to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.
The social sciences are flourishing. As of 2005, there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010, the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000. Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today' s global challenges including climate change, security, sustainable development and health.
(1)_________ Humanity has the necessary aggro-technological tools to eradicate hunger, from genetically engineered crops to artificial fertilizers. Here, too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.
(2) _________This is a shame--the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter: there is no radical innovation without creative destruction.
Today, the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates, rather than on topics with external impact.
Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords "environmental changed" or "climate change" have increased rapidly since 2004, (3)_________
When social scientists do tackle practical issues, their scope is often local: Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example. And whether the community' s work contribute much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.
The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding. (4)_________ This is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today' s economic climate.
The trick is to direct these funds better. The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists. This year, it was proposed that system be changed: Horizon 2020, a new program to be enacted in 2014, would not have such a category. This has resulted in protests from social scientists. But the intention is not to neglect social science; rather, the complete opposite. (5)_________ That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.
A. It could be that we are evolving two communities of social scientists: one that is discipline-o dented and publishing in highly specialized journals, and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere, such as policy briefs.
B. However, the numbers are still small: in 2010, about 1,600 of the 100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these Keywords.
C. the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.
D.the solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones.
[ E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior, all require behavioral change and social innovations, as well as technological development. Stemming climate change, for example, is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing dean energy.
[ F] Despite these factors, many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems. And in Europe, some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development.
[ G] During the late 1990s, national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds--including government, higher education, no-profit and corporate--varied from around 4% to 25% ; in most European nations, it is about 15%.
谜底及剖析
1.E【剖析】本题是顺接干系题。该空格位于第二段中心。空格之前为“这么庞大的资本却不够应答明天环球面对的诸如天气变更、宁静、可延续成长和安康等挑衅。”空格以后则谈到了“人类要借助从基因工程作物到野生化肥等须要的农业科技东西来消弭饥饿。”可见空格处所填入的句子应当起到承先启后的感化，即既谈到环球题目，又触及处置这些题目，浏览一切选项，只需E项既提到了“these issues”，即上文所列举的那些环球题目，又谈到了应答天气变更的例子，也即处置这些题目的理论。
2.F【剖析】本题是转机干系题。该空格位于第三段段首。第二段段末作者提到今朝环球面对的题目必然水平上也是社会性的，是以也应当是社会迷信研讨的范围。而空格以后呈现“这是个羞辱——社会迷信界本应当捉住机缘晋升本身在实在天下中的影响”，由此能够揣度意义呈现转机，空格处应当抒发社会迷信家没能应答环球题目，晋升社会迷信在实在天下中影响的意义，F项提到有良多的题目须要社会迷信的研讨，但很多社会迷信家却不情愿处置这些题目，这恰是社会学家没能为处置实在天下中的题目做出进献的实例。
3.B【剖析】本题是转机干系题。该空格位于第五段段末。空格地点段给出了明白的线索词“Ⅱle number of papers”和“keywords”.浏览各选项能够较着发明B选项中几个关头词全数呈现，同时B项标明社会迷信研会商文的总量依然很小，这与前文指出的“社会迷信研会商文增加速率很快”组成对照，申明社会迷信研讨依然有着很大的晋升空间，合适本文论调。
4.G【剖析】本题是顺接干系题。该句位于第七段中心。空格之前一样呈现了较着的线索“the amount of available fundin9”，同时连系空格以后“只需用对处所，这些资金充足了”，能够推知空格处所填入的句子首要会商资金的数目。浏览各选项，发明只需G项呈现了关头词fund，同时该句话也确切在会商社会迷信研讨的资金数目题目。
5.C【剖析】本题是顺接干系题。该句位于第八段中心。空格之前提到欧洲同盟框架赞助名目“2014年将起头实施一个全新的名目：地平线2020，这个名目将不再设有这项专项基金。这个决议致使了社会迷信家的抗议。可是，这个决议的企图并非轻忽社会迷信;相反，是想要鞭策社会迷信”，由此能够猜测下文行将诠释为甚么这个决议将要鞭策社会迷信的成长。空格以后的局部则提到“让社会迷信更多地与其余范畴协作”，表示增强学科间协作是此中一个缘由。浏览各个选项发明，C项中force socialscience to integrate their work with other categories恰是对空格以后collaborative endeavors的同义复现，同时该句也诠释了为甚么这个决议将要鞭策社会迷信的成长。
参考译文
社会迷信正在日趋繁华。2005年，全天下各个范畴合计约有五十万专业社会迷信家在学术界表里任务。2010年《天下社会迷信报告》称环球社会迷信先生人数自2000年以来已完成了每一年约莫ll%的增加。可是这么庞大的资本却不够应答明天环球面对的诸如天气变更、宁静、可延续成长和安康等挑衅。
(1)这些题目的本源都在于人类行动。这些题目都须要行动转变、社会立异，和科技成长。比方，停止天气变暖与转变花费形式和进步税率有关，也与成长洁净动力有关。人类要借助从基因工程作物到野生化肥等须要的农业科技东西来消弭饥饿。一样，这些题目也是社会性的：食物、财产和福祉的构造与散发。
(2)虽然有这么多的身分须要社会迷信，很多社会迷信家却不情愿处置这些题目。在欧洲，一些社会迷信家全数武装起来抵挡一项旨在削减某社会迷信研讨基金名目的发起，否决将这项基金并入到对于可延续成长的前沿研讨课题傍边。这是个羞辱——社会迷信界本应当捉住机缘晋升本身在实在天下中的影响。援用巨大的社会迷信家约瑟夫·熊彼得的话：若是不缔造性的扑灭，就不冲破性的立异。
明天，社会迷信很大水平上存眷的依然是学科内题目和国际上的学术会商，而非有着内部影响的话题。
有阐发标明，包罗“情况变更”或“天气变更”关头词的论文自2004年以来疾速增加。(53)可是，整体数目依然很小：2010年，环球颁发的合计l00 7000篇社会迷信论文中只需1600篇含有上述两个关头词中的一个。
当社会迷信家确切处置这些现实题目的时辰。他们的视线常常范围在本地：比方，比利时的社会迷信家只对照利时的贫苦题目有乐趣。学术界的研讨能在多大水平上为常识的整体堆集做出进献依然是个未知数。题目不必然是出在可用的资金上。(54)在20世纪90年月前期。对社会迷信和人文学科的天下性资金撑持，包含来自当局的、高档教导机构的、非红利构造和企业的，合计占到全数迷信研讨资金的4%一25%，在大都欧洲国度，这个比例到达l5%。只需用对处所，这些资金充足了。那些诉苦贫乏资金撑持的社会迷信家不应当在以后的经济情势下依然抱有更大的希冀。
关头在于更好地应用这些资金。欧洲同盟框架赞助名目久长以来有一项特地面向社会迷信家。本年，有人发起变动这个系统：2014年将起头实施一个全新的名目：地平线2020，这个名目将不再设有这项专项基金。这个决议致使了社会迷信家的抗议。可是，这个决议的企图并非轻忽社会迷信;相反，是想要鞭策社会迷信。(55)这项决议的题中之义是要强迫社会迷信与包含安康，生齿变更、食物宁静、陆地研讨、生物经济学、洁净动力，和其余容纳性、立异性和宁静学科等其余范畴的协作。这将会让社会迷信更多地与其余范畴协作，赞助社会迷信去成长间接处置环球题目的名目。
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