- 相干保举
职称英语测验理工B级浏览判定真题
现现在，咱们都不可避免地要打仗到试题，试题是参考者回首所学常识和技术的主要参考材料。你所见过的试题是甚么样的呢？以下是小编帮大师清算的职称英语测验理工B级浏览判定真题，仅供参考，大师一路来看看吧。
One of the main weapons to prevent mother-to-child transmission of the AIDS virus during birth is the drug nevirapine3. But when nevirapine is used alone just once, HIV4 starts becoming resistant to it. Research in Botswana shows that the resistance is not long lasting and that this affordable drug does not have to be abandoned forever by infected mothers who have already taken it.
International medical guidelines call for5 pregnant women with advanced HIV to get a combination of AIDS drugs including nevirapine to prevent passing their infection on to their newborns during delivery. But in poor countries, combinations have been expensive and nevirapine has often been Used al. one, since studies have shown that a single dose can cut the transmission rate in half.
The problem is that HIV resistance builds against it quickly when used alone just once because other drugs are not present to kill the virus particles that survive nevirapine. This renders the drug less effective in later combinations for treating women after their baby is born. But the new study from Botswana shows that nevirapine can make a comeback for these women if they wait until the resistance subsides.
“The further out you get from that exposure to single dose nevirapine, the less detectable nevirapine resistance is6,” said Shahin Lockman of the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston7. She says waiting period for women who get the single dose of nevirapine at delivery can be as short as six months. “If they started nevirapine-based treatment six or more months after nevirapine exposure, their treatment response8 was just as good, and really quite high, compared to women who did not have the single dose of nevirapine,” she added. “However, the women who started nevirapine-based treatment within six months of that nevirapine exposure were much more likely to experience treatment failure.”
The study published in the New England Journal oJ Medicine9 shows that waiting at least six months means that HIV-positive women are 70 percent more likely to benefit from nevirapine-based drug combinations again than women who get them sooner. An official with the U.S. government health agency that helped fund the study calls it very important.
I.ynne Mofenson is chief of research on child, adolescent, and maternal AIDS at the U. S. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development10. She says the finding supports a World Health Organization (WHO)H recommendation restricting a single dose of nevirapine only to pregnant HIV-infected women who are healthy enough to wait six months after childbirth for more nevirapine-based therapy. Otherwise, they should get other drugs during labor. “It shows the importance of screening women for treatment while they are pregnant and putting them on appropriate therapy while they are pregnant to avoid having to start them too soon after they received preventive therapy,” she explained.
Shahin Lockman in Boston says the problem of nevirapine resistance should diminish now that12 more and more people are receiving combinations of AIDS drugs under expanded U. S. and international programs to deliver them to Africa and other regions hard hit by the virus.
操练：
1. What effect does nevirapine have?
A. It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and kills all kinds of bacteria.
B. It is an antiviral preparation and kills all kinds of viruses.
C. It prevents the transmission of the AIDS virus and protects one from heart attack.
D. It may prevent passing HIV infection from mothers on to their newborns during delivery.
2. Why does HIV resistance against nevirapine build very quickly even when the drug is used alone just once?
A. Because the drug is not strong enough to kill all of the HIV in the body.
B. Because there may not be a susceptibility test before using the drug.
C. Because other drugs are not present to kill the virus particles that survive nevirapine.
D. Because there are too many mutations of HIV for nevirapine to deal with.
3. When may a woman start her nevirapine-based treatment if she gets the single dose of nevirapine at delivery ?
A. She may start nevirapine-based treatment soon after her delivery.
B. She may start nevirapine-based treatment within six months after her delivery.
C. She has to wait at least six months after that nevirapine exposure.
D. She may wait several years so as to achieve the best effect.
4. We may learn from this passage that HIV resistance against nevirapine
A. lasts only for about a half year and fades quickly.
B. will last forever in a woman who took nevirapine.
C. is a terrible drug that must be banned at once.
D. is a problem too difficult to be solved.
5. Generally speaking, the authors attitude towards the use of nevirapine is
A. negative
B. positive
C. uncertain
D. doubtful
谜底与题解：
1.D 第一段第一句落第二段第二句均提到nevirapine能够避免母亲在临蓐时将HIV病毒沾染给重生儿的题目，故D项是准确谜底。
2.C 第三段第一句说，即便零丁操纵nevirapine一次，HIV病毒也会很快发生对nevirapine的抗药性，缘由便是不其余药物能够杀死nevirapine还不杀死的病毒颗粒，这恰是C项的内容。
3.C 第四段第二句说到，期待的时候最短可到六个月，第五段第一句又说，起码期待六个月的妇女，她们以nevirapine为主的药物综合医治的疗效要比期待缺乏六个月的妇女高70%，可见C项“起码要期待六个月”是准确谜底。
4.A 第一段第三句说到抗药性存在的时候并不长，第四段第二句又说期待的时候能够短至六个月，别的，文章的标题也说抗药性很快消逝，可见A项是准确选项，其余各项文章均未说起。
5.B 第一段是文章的撮要，最能申明作者概念，此中最初一句就明白提到，已服用 nevirapine的已传染上HIV的母亲们不应当抛却服用这类能用得起的药物。并且通篇文章都在切磋若何更有用地操纵此药物，是以作者对操纵此药的立场应当是“主动的、必定的”。
【职称英语测验理工B级浏览判定真题】相干文章：
职称英语真题《卫生B》浏览判定精选03-19
2017职称英语测验浏览判定真题03-30
职称英语积年真题理工A浏览判定精选09-23
职称英语积年真题《理工A》浏览判定精选03-18
职称英语真题《卫生A》浏览判定精选03-19
2017职称英语测验真题练习理工浏览懂得03-30