大学英语写作技能

　　高考英文写作几近是一切同窗在英语测验中最软弱的一环。 良多同窗花了大批的时辰和精神，却很难在这一项上有所冲破。以下是小编清算的大学英语写作技能，但愿对大师有所赞助。

　　开首：

　　一、间接抛出概念类

　　这一体例便是开宗明义，间接了当地提出本身对要会商的题目标概念。模板句型：

　　1 、Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...

　　2、Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ....

　　二、故事引出类

　　这类体例便是先讲一个较短的、与文章内容稍有关联的故事来激发读者的乐趣，引出文章的主题。模板句型：

　　1 、I have a friend who ... Should he ....? Such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life.

　　2、 Once upon a time, there lived a man who .... This story may be (unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.

　　三、概念对峙引出类

　　这类开首是针对一个题目先给出其余人的差别概念，而后提出本身的概念或方向于某一概念，合用于有争议性的主题。模板句型：

　　1、 When asked about..., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that …. But I think/view a bit differently.

　　2 、Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that..... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....

　　四、援用名句类

　　这类开首是先引出名流名言或有代表性的概念，来引出文章要睁开论述的概念，在现实写作中应用仍是比拟多的。模板句型：

　　1、 "Education is not complete with graduation." This is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion.

　　2 、We often hear such traditional complains as this "...."

　　五、景象阐发类

　　这一类开首是先引出要分解的景象或题目，而后在停止阐发批评。

　　1、Recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus/into public attention.

　　2、 Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.

　　文中：

　　一、我的概念(My view)

　　When asked about a theme, different people will offer different opinions... is no exception. Some people take it for granted that ... However, others hold that...

　　As for as I am concerned, that I am in favor for the second view. The reasons are as follows.

　　First, there is and elements of truth that ... But it doesn’t follow that... A case in point is that ...Therefore, the first view doesn’t hold water.

　　In conclusion...

　　二、长处和错误谬误(Advantages and disadvantages)

　　Nowadays, ...plays an important part in ... Like everything else, ...has both favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows

　　Firstly, ... Besides ... Most important of all ...

　　But every coin has tow sides. The negative aspects are alse apparent. To begin with, ... To make matters worse of all ...

　　Through above analysis, I believe that the advantages aspects outweigh the disadvantages. Therefore...

　　三、怎样办...

　　Many ways can contribute to solving this serious problem, but the following ones may be most effective. First of all ... Another way to solve the problem of ... is ... Finally...

　　There are not the best and only tow measures we can take. But it should be noted that if we take strong action to ...

　　四、挑选步履

　　When you ... you will be faced with the choice between A and B. Before making the right choice, you had better make a close comparison and contrast of them.

　　First of all, A... Also, B... Second, A... likewise, B... Despite their similarities, A and B are also different in the following aspects. First, A... However, B... Besides, A... on the contrary, B...

　　Therefore, it depends with ... you should choose. If you ..., you should choose A; but if you ... you should turn to B.

　　五、为甚么...

　　There are many reasons for... but in general, they come down to three major ones. For one thing... for another thing ... Perhaps the prime reason is that ... From the foregoing...

　　开首：

　　1.For the reasons presented above，I strongly commit to the notion that __________ .

　　2.Given the factors I have just outlined，I Call only say that__________.

　　3.This is not to say that the argument/choice is neither rhyme nor reason.But in terms of __________ ，itis__________.

　　4.Therefore.it is safely to draw the conclusion that__________.

　　5.From what has been discussed above，we may safely draw the conclusion that__________.

　　6.Above all.I have supported the statement that it is better to__________because__________.

　　7.From what has been discussed above，we can draw the conclusion that__________.

　　8.It is necessary that steps should be taken to__________.

　　9.In conclusion，it is imperative that__________.

　　10.There is no easy memod，but__________might be ofsome help.

　　11.To solve the above mentioned problem，we must__________.

　　12.In summary,if we continue to ignore the above mentioned issue，more problems will crop up.

　　13.We might do more than identify the cause.It is important to take actions to__________.

　　大学英语的写作技能

　　一、记述文的界说

　　记述文也称论述文，是一种以论述的手段来显现人物勾当及事务进程的体裁。故事、纪行、通信、动静报道(动静)、汗青、 人物列传、日志和回想录等都属于记述文的规模。记述文大抵能够或许分为以记报酬主的记述文和以叙事为主的记述文。前者首要是对人物的履历、勾当或性情特色停止论述;后者则是对某一事务的产生、生长进程和成果停止论述。

　　二、记述文的六大因素

　　记述文的写作触及到六大因素，即五个W和一个H：时辰(when)、地址(where)、人物(who)、事务(what)、缘由(why)和成果(how);也能够或许将这六大因素归结综合为时辰(time)、地址(place)、 人物( character)、事务的缘由(cause)、颠末(process)和成果( effect)。

　　三、记述文的行体裁例

　　普通来说，记述文应具备包含开首，主体和开首在内的完全布局, 特别是必须无情节生长的进程。作者应当像片子导演一样尽能够或许支配升沉和出色的内容，在抵触的产生和处理进程中凸现出引发、生长到飞腾的完全进程。另外，在论述进程中为完全揭示后面述及的六因素，还须要拔出活跃活跃的人物场景描写和清楚详尽的举措心情描绘。

　　四、记述文的写作体例

　　基于英语的语法和辞汇特色，写作英语记述文时应把握以下体例：

　　1. 时态

　　由于记述文是描写曩昔的语境，记述产生过的事务，以是比拟多利用包含普通曩昔时、曩昔实现时、曩昔停止时在内的曩昔时态。可是，在良多环境下由于客观描写的须要，事务某人物描写的背景从曩昔转到此刻，此刻时的利用不可防止。另有的时辰，为了陪衬人物的特性，直观地表现人物的思惟豪情，须要应用对话的体例。而人物对话须要用间接引语，时态的挑选又须要依靠此刻语境。如许，事务的时辰线索就显得尤其首要，请求写作者有较强的“时辰贯通才能”，把握写作进程中的时态转换。比方：

　　Wang Nan, a world champion in ping-pong, is 1.62 meter tall with the weight of 54 kilograms. She was born in Liaoning Province in October 1978. She began to play ping-pong at the age of seven. She played in Liaoning Team for three years before she came to the national team in 1993. She trained hard and got along well with her teammates. Wang Nan has won scores of gold medals in international table-tennis games and won great honor for our motherland. She likes surfing theinternet, and enjoys chatting withfriends online.

　　在这篇漫笔中，第一句是客观描写，先容王楠的根基环境，用普通此刻时。第二、三句先容她的生长履历，用的是曩昔时。最初两句论述她所获得的成绩，又转换到此刻语境，用此刻实现时。

　　2. 人称

　　人称的应用也是记述文的一个特色。第一人称(First-person Narrator)是写作者以当事人的口吻来论述，是一种客观表现手段，给读者一种亲热天然的感触感染。由于作者因此论述切身履历的体例抒发本身的思惟感情，更能引发读者共识。比方：

　　The other day, I was driving along the street. Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast. I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side. But it was too late. The car hit my bike and I fell off it. It was really a bad day for me.

　　第三人称(Third-person Narrator)是写作者从傍观者的角度来论述事务，是客观的表现手段，能够或许充实反应事务中各个人的感触感染与看法，从全体的视角来论述事务。比方：

　　It was about nine o’clock on one Saturday evening in May. Sam was lying in bed, trembling with cold and having a cough. His head was aching so intensely that he kept groaning. His forehead felt very hot. We took his temperature. It was 38.5℃。

　　3. 动词利用的联贯性

　　为了描绘人物特性，表现真情实感，记述文常常须要利用动词来凸起进程与变更。在良多举措瓜代呈现的环境下，必然要注重动词利用的联贯性，使笔墨抒发简练了然，趁热打铁。下面一段接着上文记述了萨姆抱病后作者送他去病院的进程，动词利用得相称联贯。

　　Without hesitation, I dialed “120”. It was not long before an ambulance arrived. One roommate brought a blanket for him, and another helped him in the ambulance.

　　大学英语四级请求写作技能

　　一、审题

　　1.审体裁(群情文，申明文，描写文)

　　审题便是要审作文的题材和体裁。由于甚么样的体裁就会用甚么样的题材去写。那末体裁包含那些呢?它包含群情文，申明文和描写文。从近年看，四级作文不是单一的体裁，而是几种体裁的糅合体。比方：

　　Directions: For this part, your are allowed 30 minutes to writea composition on the topic

　　Trying to Be A Good University Student.

　　You should write at least 100 words and you should baseyour composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:

　　做及格大先生的须要性

　　做及格大先生的必备前提(能够或许从德智体方面谈)

　　良多人说这类范例的作文是群情文。这是单方面的，由于，

　　第一段请求写“须要性”，则是群情文;

　　第二段请求写“必备前提”，则请求写申明文;

　　第三段请求写“如许做”，则请求写描写文。以是在大多数景象下，四级作文是三种体裁的糅合体。

　　2.肯定响应的写作体例

　　咱们审题的目标便是按照差别体裁肯定差别的写作体例。经由进程审题，咱们能够或许看出四级作文多数是三段式。如上例第一段为群情体，第二段为申明体，第三段为描写体。而各类体裁又有差别的写作体例：群情文：要有论点和论据，并且常常从正反两方面来论述。比方下面第一段的思绪是：做及格大先生，会怎样样(这是从正面论述);不能做及格的大先生，又会怎样样(从背面论述);以是咱们要做及格的大先生(论断)。申明文：能够或许从几方面来申明一个题目，能够或许从德智体三方面来申明及格大先生的须要性。描写文：以“人”为中间描写一个“做”的进程。与上两段比拟，本段的主语多为人称代词，他要与第二段相照应停止描写。

　　二、肯定主题句

　　审完题后，接上去便是若何写的题目。第一步便是肯定主题句，主题句既能保障你不跑题，又能赞助你拟定写作思绪。而写主题句最保险的体例便是间接翻译中文大纲，如上述之段主题句为：

　　It is very necessary to be a good university student.(群情体的主题句)

　　There are several respects of necessities to be a good university student.(申明体的主题句)

　　What I will do in the future is the following.(描写体的主题句)

　　三、构造段落

　　肯定主题句后，接上去的任务便是睁开论述。良多考生真首犯难的也是这一步。最根基的处理方式是扩展辞汇量，丰硕本身的语法存储。在写作时，语法和辞汇都是最根基的。但是，构造段落的才能也是尤其首要的(接上去的联贯与跟尾局部，咱们更加详细的为大师讲授)。行文时，不只是供给一些information,还要学会应用一些examples, personal experiences, comparisons, descriptions等等，只要如许，才不会感觉无话可“写”。

　　四、联贯与跟尾

　　1.枚举法

　　枚举的形式凡是是

　　主题句

　　----example 1

　　----example 2

　　----example 3

　　枚举经经常使用for example, for instance, such as, like,thus, takeas an example, to illustrate 等词语。

　　Nonverbal communication, or "body language，"is communication by facial expressions, head or eye movements, hand signals, and body postures. It can be just as important to understanding as words are. Misunderstandings are often amusing but sometimes serious ones can arise between peoplefromdifferent culture if they misinterpret nonverrbal signals. Take for example, the differences in meaning of gesture arevery common in the United States: a circle made with the thumb and index finger. To an American, it means that everything is Ok. To a Japanese, it means that you are talking about money. In France, it means that something is worthless, and in Greece, it is an obscene gesture. Therefore, an American could unknowingly offenda Greek by using that particular hand signal.

　　2.分类法

　　普通是在主题句以后，顺次枚举段落唆使词所抒发的几个局部或几个方面。而后，选用丰硕的事例对所枚举的各个局部或各个方面停止详细地申明或诠释。

　　There are three basic kinds of materials that can be found in any good library.

　　First, there are books on all subjects, both in English and in many other languages. These booksare organized according to subject, title, and author in a central file canned the card catalog. Books can generally be checked out of the library and taken home for a period of two to four weeks。

　　Second, there are reference works, which include encyclopedias, dictionaries, bibliography, atlases, etc., and which generally must be used in the library itself.

　　Third, there are periodicals- magazines, newspapers, pamphlets-which are filed

　　alphabetically in racks, or which have been filmed to conserve space. Like reference works, periodicals cannot usually be removedfromthe library. 分类经经常使用：most of all， next，moreover， in addition，besides，furthermore，to begin with，to start with，first of all，first，second，third

　　3. 因果干系

　　在段落一开首，就用主题句点明其因果干系，而后选用有关资料，客观的枚举某些缘由或成果，以论述中间思惟。

　　Growing numbers of well-to-do Americans are making the decision to move abroad. They find it impossible in America to walk the streets at night without fear of being raped, mugged, or murdered, nor do they see a way to escape the poisonous air of the cities. They maintain that even American food hasbecome increasingly dangerous to eat. Last but not least, they insist that they are sick of the pace of American life, a pace that leaves no time for relaxation or pleasure。

　　因果干系经常使用语汇：

　　because of, so, owing to, thanks to, thus, as a result of, hence, for this reason, consequently, is caused by, lead to, result in

　　4.比拟法

　　主题句必须明白标明所要比拟的工具和所要比拟的规模，现实上便是枚举两个或两个以上比拟工具的不异点。

　　Learning English is like building a house. Laying a solid foundation is the first and most important step. In other words, you should read and speak English every day. Memorizing new words and phrases is also helpful. Like building a house, learning English takes some time.

　　So don’t be impatient. Remember, Rome wasn’t built in a day.

　　经常使用语汇：at the same time, similar to, accordingly, both, show a degree of similarity, similarly, the same as, and too, in the same way, in a like manner.

　　5.举例法

　　枚举现实或举出实例来申明中间思惟， 是简略易行、具备压服力的写作体例。

　　Communicating with other people by telephone is very convenient,especially when you have something urgent. For example, if one of your family members is seriously ill at night, and you don’t know how to deal with it and where to find a doctor, what can you do? A telephone is the answer. Dial 120 and you will get servicesfromthe hospital very soon。

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