2016托福浏览备考：揣度题的解题方式

　　托福测验，浏览中的揣度题一向让浩繁测验头疼，一看到“揣度”二字，大师加倍觉着眼前刹时一片苍茫。据对所带的先生停止的查询拜访，提到哪一种浏览题型最难做，快要50%的先生把票投给了揣度题。

　　无庸置疑，揣度题必然有必然的难度地点，这点咱们从托福测验官方指南(og)的转变上便可发明一些眉目。第三版og上，揣度题的考核数目为0-2题，第四版og已增添到1-3题，ets的用(yin)意(mou)地点可见一斑。

　　那末，咱们改若何应答揣度题呢?揣度题真的像咱们设想的这么难么?

　　明天咱们一路来从考核情势下去解刨一下揣度题。

　　题干特色：揣度题的题干常常会呈现infer,suggest,imply, indicate这类单词

　　考核情势首要分为两大类：对照揣度和细节揣度，尔后者呈现的概率更大。

　　考核情势一：对照揣度

　　A时候对照：普通有两个构成对照的时候点，它们所具备的特色普通相反。如：原文会呈现before1990的信息，而标题标题问题会问after 1990的信息?

　　处理计划：搜集标题问题对应的时候点的信息，而后取反。

　　注重原文中呈现的表现时候节点的词 before, after, not…until…

　　例题

　　The story of the westward movement of population in the United States is, in the main,the story of the expansion of American agriculture-of the development of new areas for theraising of livestock and the cultivation of wheat, corn, tobacco, and cotton. After 1815improved transportation enabled more and more western farmers to escape a self-sufficientway of life and enter a national market economy during periods when commodity prices werehigh, the rate of westward migration increased spectacularly. “Old America seemed to bebreaking up and moving westward,” observed an English visitor in 1817, during the first greatwave of migration. Emigration to the west reached a peak in the 1830’s, whereas in 1810 onlya seventy of the American people lived west of the Appalachian mountains, by 1840 more thana third lived there.

　　What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about western farmers prior to 1815?

　　○They had limited their crop production to wheat, corn, tobacco, and cotton.

　　○They were able to sell their produce at high prices.

　　○They had not been successful in raising cattle.

　　○They did not operate in a national market economy.

　　谜底D

　　对应关头句：After 1815 improved transportation enabled more and more western farmersto escape a self-sufficient way of life and enter a national market economy during periodswhen commodity prices were high, the rate of westward migration increased spectacularly.

　　B间接对照：两个或多个事物的特色——如原文会呈现A的特色，而后会有B和A比拟较的信息，而后标题标题问题问B的特色?

　　处理计划：搜集题干所问的揣度工具(about前面的信息普通为揣度工具)的全数信息(普通为上述的B)，而后在原文所描写的与之相干的信息(普通为上述的A)的根本之上取反。

　　注重原文中呈现的表现对照的干系词：by contrast, unlike, while, whereas,on the contrary, incomparison to, distinct from, different from等词。

　　例题

　　Paragraph 1: It should be obvious that cetaceans-whales, porpoises, and dolphins-aremammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Theirstreamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke and blowholecannot disguise their affinities with land-dwelling mammals. However, unlike the cases of seaotters and pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, and walruses, whose limbs are functional both on landand at sea), it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like. Extinct but, already fullymarine cetaceans are known from the fossil record. How was the gap between a walkingmammal and a swimming whale bridged? Missing until recently were fossils clearlyintermediate, or transitional, between land mammals and cetaceans.

　　Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about early sea otters?

　　○It is not difficult to imagine what they looked like

　　○There were great numbers of them.

　　○They lived in the sea only.

　　○They did not leave many fossil remains.

　　谜底A

　　对应关头句：However, unlike the cases of sea otters and pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, andwalruses, whose limbs are functional both on land and at sea), it is not easy to envision whatthe first whales looked like.

　　考核情势二：细节揣度

　　考核细节判定，事物的特色，属性等。

　　处理计划：搜集题干所发问的揣度工具(about前面的信息普通为揣度工具)的一切信息。若是揣度工具所涉及的信息比拟多，难以抓到重点，则逐一选项停止定位挑选。

　　例题

　　Paragraph 1: Groundwater is the word used to describe water that saturates the ground,filling all the available spaces. By far the most abundant type of groundwater is meteoricwater; this is the groundwater that circulates as part of the water cycle. Ordinary meteoricwater is water that has soaked into the ground from the surface, from precipitation (rain andsnow) and from lakes and streams. There it remains, sometimes for long periods, beforeemerging at the surface again. At first thought it seems incredible that there can be enoughspace in the “solid” ground underfoot to hold all this water.

　　Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about the ground that we walkon?

　　○It cannot hold rainwater for long periods of time.

　　○It prevents most groundwater from circulating.

　　○It has the capacity to store large amounts of water.

　　○It absorbs most of the water it contains from rivers.

　　谜底C

　　AThere it remains, sometimes for long periods, before emerging at the surface again.

　　BBy far the most abundant type of groundwater is meteoric water; this is thegroundwater that circulates as part of the water cycle.

　　C At first thought it seems incredible that there can be enough space in the “solid” groundunderfoot to hold all this water.

　　DOrdinary meteoric water is water that has soaked into the ground from the surface, fromprecipitation (rain and snow) and from lakes and streams.

　　综上所述，揣度题并不咱们设想的那末艰涩。它依然是存眷细节层面的标题标题问题，首要考核考生搜集和标题标题问题相干的信息和梳理这些信息的才能。咱们须要做到：

　　1把题干发问的揣度工具的信息搜集完整，并懂得到位。

　　2记着所看即所得，不要过度揣度，不要脑补。

　　3任何文章中呈现的信息都有能够考核揣度，以是不要疏忽任何一个细节。

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