- 相干保举
天下英语品级测验pets五级浏览操练
锲而舍之，朽木不折;坚持不懈，金石可镂。以下是小编为大师搜刮清算的天下英语品级测验pets五级浏览操练，但愿能给大师带来赞助!更多出色内容请实时存眷咱们应届毕业生测验网!
Part B
In the following article, some paragraphs have been removed. For Questions 66 to 70, choose the most suitable paragraph from the list A-F to fit into each of the numbered gaps. There is one paragraph which does not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
There are as many definitions of philosophy as there are philosophers--perhaps there are even more. After three millermia of philosophical activity and disagreement, it is unlikely that we'll reach consensus, and I certainly don't want to add more hot air to the volcanic cloud of unknow- ing. What I'd like to do in the opening column in this new venture is to kick things off by asking a slightly different ouestion: What is a ohilosooher?
66.
Socrates tells the story of Thales, who was by some accounts the first philosopher. He was looking so intently at the stars that he fell into a well. Some witty Thracian servant girl is said to have made a joke at Thales' expense--that in his eagerness to know what went on in the sky he was unaware of the things in front of him and at his feet. Socrates adds, in Seth Benardete's transla- tion, "The same jest suffices for all those who engage in philosophy. "
What is a philosopher, then? The answer is clear: a laughing stock, an absent-minded buf- foon, the butt of countless jokes from Aristophanes' "The Clouds" to Mel Brooks' "History of the World",. Whenever the philosopher is compelled to talk about the things at his feet, he gives not only the Thracian girl but the rest of the crowd a belly laugh.
67.
But as always with Plato, things are not necessarily as they first appear, and Socrates is the greatest of ironists. First, we should recall that Thales believed that water was the universal sub- stance out of which all things were composed. Water was Thales' philosophers' stone, as it were. Therefore, by falling into a well, he inadvertently presses his basic philosophical claim.
But there is a deeper and more troubling layer of irony here that I would like to peel off more slowly. Socrates introduces the "digression" by making a distinction between the philosopher and the lawyer, or what Benardete nicely renders as the "pettifogger".
68.
By contrast, we might say, the philosopher is the person who has time or who takes time.
Theodorus, Socrates' interlocutor, introduces the "digression" with the words, "Aren't we at leis- ure, Socrates?" The latter's response is interesting. He says, "It appears we are. " As we know, in philosophy aooearances can be deceotive.
69.
Pushing this a little further, we might say that to philosophize is to take your time, even When you have no time, when time is constantly pressing at your back. The busy readers of The New York Times will understand this sentiment.
70.
Socrates says that those in the constant press of business, like lawyers, policy-makers, mort- gage brokers and hedge fund managers, become "bent and stunted" and they are compelled "to do crooked things". The pettifogger is undoubtedly successful, wealthy and extraordinarily honey- tongued, but, Socrates adds, "small in his soul and shrewd and a shyster. " The philosopher, by contrast, is free by virtue of his or her other-worldliness, by their capacity to fall into wells and ap- pear silly.
A.The philosopher's clumsiness in worldly affairs makes him appear stupid, or, "gives the im- pression of plain silliness. " We are left with a rather Monty Pythonesque definition of the philosopher: the one who is silly.
B.The lawyer is compelled to present a case in court and time is of the essence. In Greek legal proceedings, a strictly limited amount of time was allotted for the presentation of cases. Time was measured with a water clock or clepsydra, which literally steals time, as in the Greek kleptes, a thief or embezzler. The pettifogger, the jury, and by implication the whole socie- ty, live with the constant pressure of time. The water of time's flow is constantly threatening to drown them.
C.But the basic contrast here is that between the lawyer, who has no time, or for whom time is money, and the philosopher, who takes time. The freedom of the philosopher consists in ei- ther moving freely from topic to topic or simply spending years returning to the same topic out of perplexity, fascination and curiosity.
D.It is our hope that some of them will make the time to read The Stone. As Wittgenstein says,"This is how philosophers should salute each other: ' Take your time. ' "
E.Socrates believes that the philosopher neither sees nor hears the so-called unwritten laws of the city, that is, the mores and conventions that govern public life. The philosopher will dis- regard the societal rifles given to a person.
As Alfred North Whitehead said, philosophy is a series of footnotes to Plato. Let me risk adding a footnote by looking at Plato's provocative definition of the philosopher that appears in the middle of his dialogue, "Theaetetus," in a passage that some scholars consider a "di- gression". But far from being a footnote to a digression, I think in this moment Plato tells us something hugely important about what a philosopher is and what philosophy does.
Part B
就像有良多哲学家一样，哲学的界说也有良多——也许比哲学家更多。即便在长达三千年之久的哲学勾当和不合以后，咱们对待题目依然会存在差别。对不可知论，在这里我不颁发观点，以避免引发争议。在新争辩之前，我想经由过程一个别样的题目来起头我的话题：哲学家是甚么?
66.
正如艾尔弗雷德·诺思·情特黑德所说，对柏拉图来讲哲学是一系列的剧本。让我没关系经由过程柏拉图对哲学家的富有搬弄象征的界说这个体例来加注一个脚注。这个界说显现在他的一篇被浩繁学者称之为“题外话”的“泰阿泰德篇”文章的对话中。但这远不是一个题外话脚注，小我以为这个时辰，柏拉图是想告知咱们一些对甚么是哲学家和哲学用来干甚么的主要的题目。
苏格拉底报告了被称之为第一个哲学家的泰勒斯的故事。他如斯用心地看着星星，乃至出错掉到了井里。听说一些滑稽的色雷斯婢女拿泰利斯开了一个打趣——在他巴望晓得天空中产生了甚么时，他却不晓得在他的眼前和脚下产生的工作。在塞特·博纳德特的译著中，苏格拉底补充说道，“一样的笑话就充足那些处置哲学的人研讨的了。”
那末究竟甚么是哲学家呢?谜底是明白的：一个笑料，一个心猿意马的小丑，从阿里斯托芬的“云”到梅尔·布鲁克斯的“天下汗青”的有数笑柄。当哲学家不得不议论他脚下的事物时，他会让其余的观众连同色雷斯婢女一路哄堂大笑。
67.
哲学家活着俗事上的愚笨表现让他显得笨拙，或“给人头脑简略的印象”。蒙蒂-皮桑尼斯科留给咱们的哲学界说是：笨拙之人。
可是就如柏拉图凡是所说的，事物常常并非像他们第一次显现的那样，苏格拉底是最锋利的嘲讽家。起首，咱们应当记得，泰勒斯以为水是宇宙万物的源泉。水是泰勒斯步入哲学范畴的点金石。是以掉到井里让他不经意间得出了根基哲学主意。
可是对这里更深层的、更使人不安的嘲讽，我想娓娓道来。苏格拉底经由过程辨别哲学家和状师引入了“题外话”，而Benardete则恰当地提出了“讼棍”的观点。.
68.
状师请求在法庭上陈说案情，时辰是相当主要的。在希腊的法令法式中，案件的显现是严酷限于必然时辰以内的。权衡时辰的是一个水钟或漏壶，字面意义便是抢断时辰，在希腊语中，是小偷或贪赃犯的意义。讼棍，陪审团另有社会上的其余人都直接糊口在时辰的恒定压力中。时辰活动的水一向要挟着他们，要把他们淹死。
相反的，咱们能够会说，哲学家是那些偶然辰或说消磨时辰的人。苏格拉底的对话者——西奥多勒斯经由过程一句话引入了“题外话”，他说“苏格拉底，莫非咱们不安逸吗?”苏格拉底的反映很风趣。他说，“外表上看起来是那样的。”咱们晓得，哲学具备棍骗性。
69.
但这里的是状师和哲学家的根基对照。对状师来讲，他们要末没偶然辰，要末时辰便是款项。对哲学家来讲，他们耗损时辰。哲学家的自在，包含在差别主题上的自在转换，或出于猜疑，出神和猎奇，在统一题目上胶葛。
更进一步，咱们能够会说，感性思虑华侈时辰，即便你没偶然辰，或时辰追着你跑，却仍是要思虑。忙碌的《纽约时报》的读者们能懂得这类情感。
70.
咱们但愿一些人花时辰去浏览《石头》。正如维特根斯坦所说，…破费时辰’便是哲学家之间应当有的相互尊敬的体例”。
苏格拉底说，那些稳定的行业，如状师、决议计划者、典质存款掮客人和对冲基金司理，他们变得歪曲和范围了。毫无疑难，他们所做的不合法的工作最初让他们变得胜利、富有、伶牙俐齿。可是，苏格拉底还说，“他们是气度狭窄、精于合计的鄙俚奸滑之徒。”比拟之下，哲学家由于他们本身心里的抱负天下，他们因思虑题目而落入井中的才能和他们的深藏若虚，而让他们加倍自在。
66.F【精析】第一段中“There are as many definitions of philosophy asthere are philosophers--perhaps there are even more.”，论述了“哲学因哲学家而被付与了更多的界说”，在开头提出“What is a phi—losopher?”，哲学是甚么的题目，接上去的一段是先先容哲学，而后再一步步的过渡到哲学家，故选F。
67.A【精析】上一段说到“What is a philosopher，then?The answer isclear：a laughing stock.”，哲学家会让观众哄堂大笑，上面一段则是经由过程这类看似笨拙的行动再次界说“哲学家”这个观点，故选A。
68.B【精析】上一段中有“Socrates ingoduces the‘digression’by makinga distinction between the philosopher and the lawyer，or what Benar—dete nicely renders as the‘pettifogger’.”，简略的引入苏格拉底辨别状师与哲学家的区分，这一段起头具体描写，故选B。
69.C【精析】上一段开头“As we know，in philosophy appearances Can bedeceptive.”，在哲学上表象常常具备棍骗性，这一段持续会商苏格拉底提出的题目，可是是从别的一个角度，按照“But”一词判定，故选C。
70.D【精析】上一段提出“Pushing this a little further，we might say thatto philosophize is to take your time，even when you have no time，when time is constantly pressing at your back.”，对时辰的话题，在开头又说道“The busy readers of The New Yor kTimes will under-stand this sentiment.”，对读者的题目，本段承接了上一段，借维特根斯坦的话提出但愿，故选D。
【天下英语品级测验pets五级浏览操练】相干文章：
天下英语品级测验pets二级浏览根本操练11-22
2023天下英语品级测验pets-4浏览强化操练题11-14
天下英语品级测验PETS五浏览真题10-13
天下英语品级测验PETS3真题操练09-30
2023年英语品级测验pets3浏览操练09-11
天下英语品级测验pets一级浏览懂得12-12