- 相干保举
2015年大众英语四级测验摹拟试题及谜底
Section I Listening Comprehension
(30 minutes)
Directions:
This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of selected materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section: Part A, Part B, and Part C.
Remember while you are doing the test you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1
If you have any questions, you may raise your hand NOW as you will not be allowed to speak once the test has started.
Now look at Part A in your test booklet.
Part A
You will hear a passage about vegetable growing. Listen and complete the sentences in questions 1～5 with the information you have heard. Write not more three words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice.
1. By growing vegetables which live in cool climate in the hot places, they will grow faster and .
2. What the engineers used is simply.
3. They placed pipes in the soil and cold water flowing through them cools .
4. What is especially appealing about this process is that nothing damaging to is being used.
5. Another innovative use for cold ocean water is .
Part B
You will hear a passage. Answer questions 6～10 while you listen. Write as simply as possible for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read each questions.
6.As a result of rising university costs, what are many students finding it necessary to do
7. For some students, what could these part _ time jobs lead to
8. What kind of part _ time job requires the least time
9. To ask for information, what should the students bring
10. Who ll give hints to successful interviewing
Part C
You will three dialogues or passages. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B,C or D. After listening, you will have time to read your answer. You will hear piece only once.
Questions 11～13 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 11～13.
11. How did the friend get into the flat
[A] Through the kitchen window.
[B] Through the living _ room window.
[C] The door was not locked.
[D] The neighbor gave him the key.
12. Why did the speaker ask his friend to help himself to food and drink
[A] The friend was very hungry.
[B] There were eggs and chicken in the refrigerator.
[C] He would come home late.
[D] The friend was very good at cooking.
13. Why was the speaker astonished
[A] The friend was expecting to stay with him.
[B] There was no key under the door _ mat.
[C] The friend had a wonderful meal in his absence.
[D] The friend got into the neighbor s flat.
Questions 14～16 are based on the following passage You now have 15 seconds to read the questions 14～16.
14. How far is the earth away from the sun
[A] 93 million miles.
[B] 193 million miles.
[C] 930 million miles.
[D] 93 billion miles.
15. What is the temperature on the sun
[A] Not clear.
[B] 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit.
[C] 10,000 degrees Centigrade.
[D] Over 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit.
16. Which of the following is true according to the passage
[A] The sun s light comes from millions of candles.
[B] Most of the sun s heat and light are received on the earth.
[C] The temperature of the sun is the same as that of the earth.
[D] Without the correct balance of heat and light, life on the earth would not be possible.
Questions 17～20 are based on the following passage. You now have 20 seconds to read the questions 17～20.
17. What was the woman doing when the policeman found her
[A] She was lying near a lonely road.
[B] She was driving along a lonely road.
[C] She was ill seriously.
[D] She was having a terrible accident.
18. According to the woman s account, what happened to her 转
[A] She was attacked by robbers.
[B] She escaped from her family.
[C] She survived traffic accident.
[D] She was forced to enter a flying saucer.
19. Which of the following statements is true
[A] The woman was intended to leave her husband without telling him.
[B] The woman had met some creatures from outer space.
[C] The woman and the creatures couldn’t understand each other.
[D] The creatures could read and speak English.
20. What is the title of the passage
[A] An astonishing story about husband and wife.
[B] An astonishing story about a woman and a flying saucer.
[C] Flying saucer.
[D] An astonishing story about a policeman and a woman.
KEYS：
Section I
Part A
1. taste better 2. cold sea water 3. the earth
4.the natural environment 5. to cool buildings
Part B
6. To take on part _ time jobs 7. Full time work after graduation
8. Child care
9. A resume10. Our counselors
Part C
11.[B] 发问体例，从文中：but fortunately, the living _ room window just by the apple tree had been left open and he had climbed in.能够看出他的伴侣是从窗户爬出来的，故谜底为B。
12.[C]缘由题。须要注重文中表现缘由的句子。从原文能够发现以as指导的句子：as I was likely to be home rather late, I advised him to go into the kitchen and help himself to food and drink, 可见缘由是我能够返来很晚，故谜底为C。
13.[D]缘由题，从漫笔最初能够得出谜底：I listen to these all in astonishment. There is no apple tree in front of my room, but there is one in front of my neighbor s room.他的伴侣走错了屋子，以是谜底是D。
14.[A]发问详细信息，问太阳与地球之间的间隔。从漫笔：one is its distance from the earth. This is about ninety _ three million miles.能够发现谜底为A。
15.[B]详细信息，见原文：the temperature on the sun is about ten thousand degrees Fahrenheit. 可见谜底为B。注重B与C之间的辨别：数字一样，但前面的单元差别。
16.[D]判定题，需找出适合原文的选项。A 较着错误。B亦错误，由于：but we only receive a small part of this heat. C按照知识能够判定错误，以是谜底为D。
17.[A]发问详细信息，从文中第一句：some years ago, an American police men found a woman lying near a lonely road.能够发现谜底为A。
18.[D]从文中第二段开首：she was driving along a country road when she was stopped by a flying saucer landing in front of her. She had been forced to leave the car and enter the flying by some creatures.能够发现D为准确谜底。
19.[B]判定题，请求找出与原文适合的选项。A文中不提到。B适合原文。C不适合原文，由于：these creatures looked like human beings and could easily make themselves understood although they couldn t speak. D 从C中所引的句子也能够判定错误。是以B为准确谜底。
20.[B]大旨归结题。从全文来看，文章首要讲一个女人和外星人的故事，故谜底为B。
Section II Use of English (15 minutes)
Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.
There was a time when parents who wanted an educational present for their children would buy a typewriter, a globe or an encyclopedia set.
Now those 21 seem hopelessly old _ fashioned: this Christmas, there were a lot of22computers under the tree. 23 that computers are their key to success, parents are also frantically insisting that children24taught to use them on school-as early as possible.
The problem for schools is that when it25computers, parents don’t always know best. Many schools are 26 parental impatience and are purchasing hardware without 27 educational planning so they can say, “OK, we’ve moved into the computer age." Teachers 28 themselves caught in the middle of the problem-between parent pressure and 29 educational decisions.
Educators do not even agree30how computers should be used. A lot of money is going for computerized educational materials 31 research has shown can be taught32with pencil and paper. Even those who believe that all children should33to computer warn of potential34to the very young.
The temptation remains strong largely because young children 35 so well to computers. First graders have been 36 willing to work for two hours on math skills. Some have an attention span of 20 minutes.
37 school, however, can afford to go into computing, and that creates 38 another problem: a division between the haven s and have _ note s. Very few parents ask 39 computer instruction in poor school districts,40there may be barely enough money to pay the reading teacher.
A21.[A] items [B] toys[C] sets [D] series
D22.[A] private [B] children [C] school [D] personal
A23.[A] Given [B] Provided [C] Convinced [D] Believed
C24[A] are [B] be[C] are being[D]were
B25.[A] talks about [B] comes to[C] turns to[D] mentions
C26.[A] ignorant of [B] blaming [C] yielding to [D] improving
B27.[A] reason [B] sound[C] hard [D] some
A28.[A] relied on[B] relaxed[C] freed [D] found
B29.[A] wise [B] clever[C] slow [D] enough
C30.[A] on[B] with[C] to[D] among
A31.[A] however [B] where[C] what [D] that
A32.[A] equally [B] the same way [C] just as well[D] not as well
B33.[A] be open [B] have access[C] look [D] turn
A34.[A] approaches[B] exposures [C] dangers[D] laziness
C35.[A] adopt [B] keep [C] adapt [D] devote
B36.[A] watched[B] seen[C] told [D] taught
B37.[A] High [B] Not every[C] No[D] Any
B38.[A] already[B] of course[C] in addition [D] yet
A39.[A] for [B] against[C] to buy [D] to use
D40.[A] in that [B] in any case[C] although [D] where
KEYS：
Section II
21.按照原文第一段的内容，本小题空缺地方填入的词语指的便是第一段中所例举的与教导有关的礼品，诸如打字机、地球仪、百科全书这些工具。toys 专指玩具，sets 指的是一套或一组的工具，series 用于表现丛书之类的工具，这几个词都过于详细，不能包括上述作为与教导后代有关的礼品。items 常常操纵来指一组事物或一清单中的一项，恰好能够填入本小题空缺处。是以，选项A为准确谜底。
22.这道小题首要是辨别private 与personal 的详细用法。前者夸大的是"归私家一切的"，常常译成汉语的"公有的"，"私家的"，如a private letter(私家函件)，for private reasons(出于私家缘由)。而 personal 固然在某些方面与private 的寄义及用法不异，如也能够说 personal affairs(私事)。可是personal首要夸大是"小我的"，"小我用的"。以是本小题准确选项该当为D。 personal computer 指小我用计较机。
23.given 为曩昔分词，可用来指导前提状语，意义为"在有......的环境下"，"若是有......"，"假设......"，比方Given good health, I hope to finish the work this year.(在身材好的环境下，我但愿本年把任务干完。)Given that he can get the same treatment again, he is sure to get well.(若是他能再获得一样的医治，他必定会好起来。)provided (that) 或 providing (that) 能够用来作隶属连词，感化相称于if，指导前提状语从句， 意义为"若是......的话"，"只需......"，如Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.(若是不否决议见的话，会就开到此为止。)believe 为动词，意义为"信任"，"以为"，前面间接跟宾语，很少用曩昔分词的情势作状语。而convince 意为"使信任，压服"，常常操纵于句型convince sb. of sth. 和 convince sb. + that (从句)，并且常常常操纵曩昔分词情势表现"信任"，如Covinced of the truth of the report, he told his colleagues about it.(他信任了报道的实在性，把这件事告知了共事们。)按照本小题空缺处前后词语的意义和布局，准确选项该当为C。
24.本小题空缺处前面的谓语动词是insist。这个动词常常操纵的句式中有insist + that(从
句)，抒发两种意义：1)表现"对峙以为(说)"，从句该当用陈说语气，如Though all his friend criticized him, he insisted that he had done nothing wrong.(固然伴侣们都攻讦他，但他对峙说他不做错。)2)表现"果断请求"，"果断主意"，这时辰候从句该当用假造语气，不论主语是甚么人称，动词都用真相或should + 真相，如He insisted that she (should) go at once.(他对峙请求她顿时就走。)本小题句子的意义是"怙恃们坚信计较机是使孩子走向胜利的必备之品，以是，他们果断主意应尽早教孩子们学会操纵电脑。"是以本小题应选谜底B。
25.when 和it comes to 搭配在一路操纵时，表现"当说到......"，或"当触及到......"，如He is not good at sports, but when it comes to English he is the best one in the class.(他固然不善于于体育活动，可是谈到英语，班里不人能比得上他。)本小题准确选项该当为B。
26.本小题请求按照题意挑选一个适合的词组或词。be ignorant of 的意义为"不晓得"，"对......蒙昧"，如What his plans are I am quite ignorant of. (我对他的打算全无所闻。)blame的意义为"指责"，常常操纵的句式为blame sth. on sb. 或blame sb. for. sth. 如He blamed his failure on her. 或 He blamed her for his failure.(他把失利见怪到她的头上。) yield to 的意义为"屈就于......"，"妥协"，如We will never yield to force.(咱们是决不会屈就于武力的。)improve 的意义为"改良"，"改良"。句中谈到"由于家长们急不可耐，很多黉舍迫于压力，在不做出任何稳重公道的讲授打算的环境下便采办了计较机。"以是从意义上讲，本小题的准确选项为C。
27.本小题空缺处与下面的小题同属一个句子，较着该当挑选选项B。sound 作描述词时，除可表现"健全的"，"无缺的"，还可表现"靠得住的"，"公道的"，相称于reasonable。
28.阐发小题触及的句子能够看出，本小题空缺处前面是一个复合宾语布局，而四个选项供给的词语中，只要find这个词能够跟复合宾语。是以，本小题准确选项该当为D。
29.这道小题的准确选项为A。wise 的意义是"理智的"，"伶俐的"，经常常操纵来指步履上或决议等方面的准确性，如He was wise enough not to drive when he was feeling ill.(他很理智，在感应身材不适时不去开车。)选项B] clever的意义也是"伶俐"，可是其一般夸大的是智力上的伶俐，如He is clever at making excuse. (他很会找捏词。)
30.本小题的选项给出了四个介词，较着是一道搭配题。除选项D] among以外，动词agree和这其他介词搭配操纵时，都可表现"赞成"，可是各自的偏重点却有所差别。agree on表现"就......获得分歧定见"，如We all agree on (making) an early start.(咱们分歧赞成尽早动身。)agree with 表现"与......定见分歧"，"与......适合"，前面既能够跟表现人的名词某人称代词，也能够跟表现定见、观点的名词或what引出的从句，如I agree with you without reservation.(我毫无保留地赞成你的定见。)We agree with what you said just now.(咱们赞成你适才所说的定见。)agree to 表现"赞成某一倡议或安排并到场履行"，如They all agree to our plan.(他们都赞成咱们的打算<并要到场履行>。)按照题意，本小题准确选项该当为A。
31.按照小题空缺地方在的句子布局，这里须要填入一个指导定语从句的联系干系词。选项A] however和选项C]what不能指导定语从句，能够解除。选项B]where固然能够指导定语从，但其先行词该当是表现地址的词语，故也能够解除。是以本小题的准确选项为B。这个句子的布局比拟庞杂，干系代词that 指导的定语从句自身又是一个复合句，that指代先行词material，在定语从句中的宾语从句里作主语。
32.本小题空缺地方在的句子的意义是"多量的资金被花在用计较机实行教导的资料上了，而这些资料用通俗的纸和笔来教给先生，也能获得一样好的成果。"按照本小题句意，较着选项C是准确的谜底。
33.be open to意义为"对......开放"，turn to 意义为"转向"，"乞助于"，look to 意义为"赐顾帮衬"，"顾问"，这几个词语填入小题空缺处较着意义不通。只要have access to准确，其意义为"进入"，"能靠近、领会、操纵......"，如Students have access to the library during the vacation.(假期先生们能够操纵藏书楼。)按照本小题句子的意义，应挑选选项B。
34.在本小题四个选项里，选项A]approach，选项B]exposures和选项C]dangers都能够和介词to 搭配操纵。approach to 意义为"靠近"，"处置......的体例(体例)"，如There is no easy approach to this question.(不处置这个题目的简略体例);exposure to 意义为"裸露于......"，如Her skin was dry after exposure to the wind.(颠末风吹后她的皮肤很干。)danger to 意义为"对......有风险"，如Narrow and winding roads are a danger to drivers. (狭小而曲折的路对司机来讲是风险的。)按照本小题的意义，准确选项该当为C。
35.选项中adopt是一个及物动词，意义为"采用"，"接纳"，"经由过程"，如The board adopted the proposal in the end after much debate.(颠末很多争辩后，董事会终究经由过程了这个发起。)adapt 表现"顺应"，常和介词to 搭配操纵，如He has not adapted himself to the climate here.(他还不顺应这里的天气。)devote 也能够和to 搭配操纵，表现"努力于......"，如Every spare moment of his was devoted to English study.(他把本身一切的余暇时辰都用来进修英语了。)Mary devotes much of her time to cooking.(玛利把她大局部的时辰都用在做吃的上了。)按照本小题的意义，准确选项该当为C。
36.本小题首要是请求辨别选项A]watched 和选项B]seen 的寄义。前者首要着眼于旁观比赛、电视等静态的事物，如I am sure they are watching the football game in the dorm.(我敢必定他们正在宿舍里旁观足球比赛。)尔后者则着眼于"看到"之意，如Have you ever seen him play football(你看到过他踢足球吗)本小题准确选项该当为B。
37.在前面，作者谈到各个黉舍都在买电脑。可是本段的话题产生了变更，作者谈到并不是一切的黉舍都买得起电脑。以是从逻辑上看，此处应填谜底B。
38.本小题请求按照高低文的内容挑选填入空缺处在意义和布局上都准确的词语。already 意义为"已"，of course 意义为"固然"，in addition 意义为"除此以外还......"。而yet 的用法比拟庞杂，应注重以下几点：1)用在否认句中，表现"还(不)"，如I m not quite clear yet about this question.(我还不太大白这个题目。)2)用在疑难句中，表现"已"，如Have you finished it yet(你已做完了吧)3)表现"依然"，"还在"，"还得"，如Father rose early and is working yet.(父亲起得很早，此刻还在任务。)4)和比拟级连用，表现"加倍"，如This is bad; that is yet
worse.(这个不好，阿谁更糟。)5)和another 或more连用，表现"另有"如I ve had yet another bill.(我另有一份账单。)按照本小题句意，准确的选项该当为D。
39.从高低文来看，本小题句子的意义是"在贫苦地域，几近不哪位怙恃请求计较机讲授"。选项B]意义错误，选项C]，D]不能和前面的instruction跟尾，都能够解除。是以，本小题准确选项该当为A。
40.很较着，这个句子是对上一句话的缘由停止申明的，是以选项A为准确谜底。in that 是隶属连词，用在这里指导状语从句表现缘由，相称于because。比方I like the city, but I like the county better in that I have more friends in the county.(我喜好都会，但我更喜好村落，由于我有更多的伴侣在那边。)In any case 表现"不论怎样样"，如：In any case I shall return in a day or two.(不论若何，我会在一两天内返来。)
Section III Reading Comprehension
(60 minutes)
Part A
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Text 1
One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank _ issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the” cashless society” is not on the horizon-it s already here.
[B] While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customer for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.
Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient
services to consumers through the use of computers.
41. According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to .
[A]withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes
[B]obtain more convenient services than order people do
[C]enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper
[D]cash money where he wishes to
42. From the last sentec of the first paragraph we learn that.
[A]in the future all the Americans will use credit cards
[B]credit cards are mainly used in the United States today
[C]nowadays many Americans did not pay in cash
[D]it is now more convenient or use credit cards than before
43. The phrase"ring up sales"most probably means .
[A]make an order of goods
[B]record sales on a cash register
[C]call the sages manager
[D]keep track of the goods in stock
44. What is this passage mainly about
[A]Approaches to the commercial use of computers.
[B]Conveniences brought about by computers in business.
[C]Significance of automation in commercial enterprises.
[D]Advantage of credit cards in business.
45. It can be inferred that
[A] Computers will bring disaster.
[B] Computer industry will not develop faster.
[C] Computers will bring about more convenience to people s life.
[D] None.
Text 2
Studies of the effect that makes many of us slumber or feel sleepy during the queen s Speech on Christmas Day have revealed that changes may be required in Britain s drink drive legislation.
Dr James Horne, director of the Sleep Research Laboratory at Loughborough University, is investigating pose _ lunch sleepiness."We humans are designed to sleep twice a day, once at night and a short nap after lunch, but in this part of the world we tend to repress that."
It is a remnant of the same primeval programming that makes all animals in the bush rest in the hot afternoon sun to conserve energy.
"Hot environments make it worse and many cultures living near the equator", says Dr Horne,"have conceded to the inevitable, where the afternoon siesta is the way of life."
In this studies Dr Horne has been investigating the role of alcohol."The theory is that if you are more sleepy after lunch then it figures that alcohol will be more potent after lunch. One would figure then that a pint of beer at lunchtime has more effect than in the evening, when people are more alert. Indeed, we find that it has about twice the effect."
This has more sinister implications."If people take alcohol up to the legal driving limit, their performance is seriously impaired after lunch." He said.
It seems that alcohol interacts with the circadian rhythm of sleep to cause afternoon sleepiness, so that one pint at lunch _ time is equivalent, in effect, to a quart in the evening.
"For this reason, most drivers ought not to drink at all at lunchtime and the legal blood alcohol limit is no guide to safe driving here,"said Dr Horne.
For those who wish to enjoy the Queen s speech, Dr Horne recommends mild exercise, a splash of cold air or cold water on the face, or a cup of coffee. Otherwise, take a cat nap. But this should be less than 15 minutes,"otherwise, sleep really sets in and one can wake up feeling very groggy and far sleepier than to be in with."
46. It is implied that British people
[A]like to take a short nap after lunch.
[B]don t take a short nap after lunch.
[C]don t feel sleepy after lunch.
[D]like to sleep twice a day.
47. take a rest in the hot afternoon sun.
[A]All animals in the bush
[B]The remnant of the same primeval programming
[C]The same primeval programming
[D]All animals in the world
48. Most drivers ought not to drink at all at lunch time because
[A]alcohol will be less potent after lunch.
[B]a pint of beer at lunchtime is equivalent to a quart in the evening, it cause afternoon sleepiness.
[C]people are more alert at lunchtime.
[D]it is not legal to drink at lunchtime.
49. According to the passage, if you sleep more than 15 minutes after lunch
[A]you will be refreshed.
[B]you will be waken up.
[C]you will feel far sleepier.
[D]you will take a cat nap.
50. It can be inferred that
[A] People are not allowed to drive after they drink one quarter in the evening.
[B] People are still allowed to drive after they drink one quarter in the evening.
[C] People are still allowed to drive after they drink out pint at lunch _ time.
[D] None.
KEYS：
Section III
41.[B] 大旨题。此题谜底是第一段中间思惟，谜底按照第一段第二、三句推知。
42.[C] 推理题。此题谜底按照第一段最初一句的"cashless society"推知。
43.[B] 推理题。此短语寄义按照第二段第二句提到的机器"cash registers"推知。
44.[B] 大旨题。文章主题按照文中例举的计较机带来的方便推知，是以A、C、D选项错误。
45.[C] 推理题。此题谜底按照第三段推知。
46.[B] 涵蓄题。此题谜底由第二段第二句推知"We humans are designed to sleep twice a day...but we tend to repress that"。47.[A]详细题。此题谜底在第三段。
48.[B] 详细题。此题谜底在第七、八段。
49.[C] 详细题。谜底在第九段第三句。
50.[A] 推理题。此题谜底按照第七段推知。由于alcohol可引发afternoon sleepiness, C选项错误;按照one pint at lunch _ time与a quarter in the evening构成sleepiness成果同等，是以B挑选错误，A选项为谜底。
Text 3
Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth century. Great breakthroughs in engineering, the use of steam power, and electricity were there for all to see, enjoy, and suffer. Science was fashionable and to it is not surprising that, during this great period of industrial development, scientific methods should be applied to the activities of man, particularly to those involved in the processes of production. Towards the end of the nineteenth century international competition began to make itself felt. The three industrial giants of the day, Germany, America, and Great Britain, began to find that there was a limit to the purchasing power of the previously apparently inexhaustible markets. Science and competition therefore provided the means and the need to improve industrial efficiency.
Frederick Winslow Taylor is generally acknowledged as being the father of the scientific management approach, as a result of the publication of his book. The Principles of Scientific Management, published in 1911. However, numerous other academics and practitioners had been actively applying such approaches since the beginning of the century. Charles Babbage, and English academic, well _ known for his invention of the mechanical computer (with the aid of a government grant as long as 1820) applied himself to the costing of processes, using scientific methods, and indeed might well be recognized as one of the fathers of cost accounting.
Taylor was of well _ to _ do background and received an excellent education but, partly owing to troubles with his eyesight, decided to become an engineering apprentice. He spent some twenty _ five years in the tough, sometimes brutal, environment of the US steel industry and carefully studied methods of work when he eventually attained supervisory status. He made various significant innovations in the area of steel processing, but his claim to fame is through his application of methods of science to methods of work, and his personal efforts that proved they could succeed in a hostile environment.
In 1901, Taylor left the steel industry and spent the rest of his life trying to promote the principles of managing scientifically and emphasizing the human aspects of the method, over the slave _ driving methods common in his day. He died in 1915, leaving a huge school of followers to promote his approach worldwide.
51. According to the passage, what was badly needed to improve industrial efficiency
[A]Great breakthroughs.
[C] B]Unlimited purchasing power.
[C]Science and competition.
[D]International competition.
52. Taylor is most famous for.
[A]his application of scientific methods to work
[B]his book"The Principles of Scientific Management"
[C]his various innovations in steel processing
[D]The spreading of his scientific management method
53. Charles Babbage, an English academic,.
[A]tried to use computers in production processes
[B]first used computers in the area of cost accounting
[C]was the father of modern computers
[D]tried a scientific management approach
54. Taylor s scientific management method was described as .
[A]scientific and human
[B]efficient but slave _ driving
[C]academic but practicable
[D]brutal but highly successful
55. When he died in 1905, Taylor
[A] purchased a steel mill.
[B] sold a steel mill.
[C] started to protect environment.
[D] left a huge school of followers.
Text 4
This is the weather Scobie loves. Lying in bed he touches his telescope lovingly, turning a wistful eye on the blank wall of rotting mud _ bricks which shuts off his view of the sea.
Scobie is getting on for seventy and still afraid to die; his one fear is that he will awake one morning and find himself dead-Lieutenant _ Commander Scobie, O.B.E. Consequently it gives him a severe shock every morning when the water _ carriers shriek under his window before dawn, waking him up. For a moment, he says, he dares not open his eyes. Keeping them fast shut (for fear they might open on the heavenly host) he gropes along the cake _ stand beside his bed and grabs his pipe. It is always loaded from the night before and an open matchbox stands beside it. The first whiff of tobacco restores both his composure and his eyesight. He breathes deeply, grateful for reassurance. He smiles. He gloats. Then, drawing the heavy sheepskin which serves him as a bed _ cover up to his ears, he sings a little triumphal song to the morning.
Taking stock of himself he discovers that he has the inevitable headache. His tongue is raw from last night s brandy. But against these trifling discomforts the prospect of another day in life weighs heavily. He pauses to slip in his false teeth. He places his wrinkled fingers to his chest and is comforted by the sound of his heart at work. He is rather proud of his heart. If you ever visit him when he is in bed he is almost sure to grasp your hand in his and ask you to feel it. Swallowing a little, you shove your hand inside his cheap night _ jacket to experience those sad, blunt, far _ away humps-like those of an unborn baby. He buttons up his pajamas with touching pride and give his imitation roar of animal health-"Bounding from my bed like a lion"-that is another of his phrases. You have not experienced the full charm of the man unless you have actually seen him, bent double with rheumatism, crawling out from between his coarse cotton sheets like a ruin. Only in the warmest months of the year do his bones thaw out sufficiently to enable him to stand erect. In the summer afternoons he walks in the park, his little head glowing like a minor sun, his jaw set in a violent expression of health.
His tiny nautical pension is hardly enough to pay for one cockroach _ infested room; he ekes it out with an equally small salary from the Egyptian government, which carries with it the proud title of Bimbashi in the Police Force. Origins he h
as none. His past spreads over a dozen continents like a true subject of myth. And his presence is so rich with imaginary health that he needs nothing more-except perhaps an occasional trip to Cairo during Ramadhan, when his office is close
d and presumably all crime comes to a standstill because of the past.
56. Scobie liked to have his telescope in bed because
[A]he enjoyed looking at the passers _ by, even if he could see the sea.
[B]he refused touching it and looking through it at the wall.
[C]he refused to accept the fact that he could not see the sea.
[D]he enjoyed looking at he passers _ by, even if he could not see the sea.
57. Every morning Scobie
[A]refused to open his eyes until he had had his first cigarette.
[B]according to himself, did not open his eyes in case he had died in the night.
[C]denied that he opened his eyes until he had had his first died in the night.
[D]could not see anything when the first noises in the street woke him.
58. Scobie s morning discovery that he was still alive made him feel
[A]delighted with his success in surviving the night.
[B]delightful because of his achievement in living.
[C]satisfied with his victory over life.
[D]satisfying with his victory over death.
59. When he got out of bed, Scobie
[A]jumped out like a young man, to show how healthy he was.
[B]got out slowly because he was too busy talking.
[C]could hardly get out although he suffered badly from rheumatism.
[D]got out with difficulty because his homes were stiff and painful.
60. What can his pension enough to pay for
[A] one big apartment
[B] a Two _ room apartment
[C] one cockroach _ infested room
[D] his well _ being life
KEYS：
51.[C]详细题。文章第一段首要谈的是迷信给产业带来的庞大冲破和产业巨子们起头感应合作的须要性。以是要进步出产效力，迷信和合作是必需的。参阅第一段最初一句。
A选项不周全。产业上的严峻冲破，如蒸汽机的问世，电的发现，迷信办理体例的操纵，都增进了产业的成长，但这只是一个方面。
B 选项不周全。产业的成长须要一个广漠的市场，而到19世纪末，国际合作加重，本来仿佛取之不尽、用之不竭的(inexhaustible)市场现已近干涸，这时辰候三大产业巨子加倍感受到，他们该当操纵迷信的体例进步出产效力，以增强其合作力占据无限的市场。
D选项不周全。只合作还不够，要占据市场还须要更新更好的产物，即迷信的出产体例。
52.[A] 详细题。泰勒首要是以其迷信的办理体例在任务中的操纵而著名于世。注重文章第3段第3句中的关头词"his claim to fame is through...""意为""他的成名是经由过程......"。
B选项这本书的出书使泰勒成了迷信办理体例之父，并有一多量学术界人士和理论者跟随，但他并不以此著名于世。
C 选项第3段第3句直达折词"but"的操纵申明他并不是由于在炼钢范畴停止了各类严峻鼎新而成名的。
D选项从文章的3、4段中领会到，泰勒是在成名后的有生之年，停止迷信办理体例的推行任务的。以是D是错误的。
53.[D] 详细题。文章的第2段谈到了从20世纪初，一多量学术界人士和理论者一向在主动地摸索和操纵迷信办理体例，而英国的迷信家Charles Babbage则胜利地将迷信办理体例应用于本钱核算中，被以为是本钱核算的始祖之一。
A选项不准确。从文章第2段第3句领会到，曾以发现机器计较器著名的英国迷信家Charles Babbage努力于本钱核算的研讨任务，而不是把计较机用于出产中。apply oneself to意为"努力于"。
B选项不准确。他在本钱核算中应用了迷信体例而不是计较机，参阅D的诠释。
C 选项"computer"这里意为"计较器"。由于在20世纪初还不计较机，原文也并未指出他是计较机的发现者，以是C是错的。
54.[A] 详细题。从文章的第4段第1句可看出，泰勒夸大办理的迷信性和人文身分(如老板和工人对任务的乐趣和主动性)而不是那时遍及的赶鸭式的休息体例。emphasize A over A 意为"与A比拟更夸大A"，slave _ driving意为"峻厉的羁系和使工人过分任务"。
B]"有用但赶鸭式的"与文章内容不符。C]"学究气但适用的"不详细。D]"暴虐的但很胜利"与文章内容相抵触。
55.[D] 详细题。此题谜底在第四段最初一句，文中指出"...died in 1915, leaving a huge school of followers to promote his approach worldwide"。
56.[C] 详细题。参见第一段第二句"...he touches his telescope lovingly...
the blank wall of rotting mud bricks which shuts off his view of the sea"。
57.[B] 详细题。参见第二段前三句"...still afraid to die (keep them (eyes) fast shut (for fear they might open on the heavenly host)..."。
58.[A] 详细题。参见第二段第五、六、七句"(restores both his composure and his eyesight...grateful for reassurance"。
59.[D] 推理题。此题按照第三段倒数第二句推知。原文"Only in the warmest...
his bones thaw out sufficiently to enable him to stand erect"标明他的骨头有题目，是以D选项对。
60.[C]详细题。参见第四段第一句。
Part B
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET
2.
61)The main impression growing out of twelve years on the faculty of a medical school is that the No.1 health problem in the US. today, even more than AIDS or cancer, is that Americans don t know how to think about health and illness.
62)Our reactions are formed on the terror level. We fear the worst, expect the worst, thus invite the worst. 63)The result is that we are becoming a nation of weaklings and hypochondriacs, a self _ medicating society incapable of distinguishing between casual, everyday symptoms and those that require professional attention.
Somewhere in our early education we become addicted to the notion that pain means sickness. We fail to learn that pain is the body s way of informing the mind that we are doing something wrong, not necessarily that something is wrong. We don t understand that pain may be telling us that we are eating too much or the wrong things; or that we are smoking too much or drinking too much; or that there is too much emotional congestion in our lives; or that we are being worn down by having to cope daily with overcrowded streets and highways, the pounding noise of garbage grinders, or the cosmic distance between the entrance to the airport and the departure gate. We get the message of pain all wrong. Instead of addressing ourselves to the cause, we become pushovers for pills, driving the pain underground and inviting it to return with increased authority.
64)Early in life, too, we become seized with the bizarre idea that we are constantly assaulted by invisible monsters called germs, and that we have to be on constant alert to protect ourselves against their fury.65)Equal emphasis, however, is not given to the presiding fact that our bodies are superbly equipped to deal with the little demons and the best way of forestalling an attack is to maintain a sensible life _ style.
Section IV Writing
(35 minutes)
66.The opening up policy has brought about great advances in various fields in China, yet a few still claim that things were much better before.
There is a discussion in a newspaper on these two viewpoints.
Write an essay to the newspaper
1) criticizing their view and
2) justifying your stand.
In your essay, make full use of the information provided in the graphs printed below.
You should write 160_200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Section Voral Test
Part A
Interlocutor:
●Good morning/afternoon. Could I have your mark sheets, please Thank you.
●My name is and this is my colleague .He/She is just going to the listening to us. So, you are and Thank you.
●First of all we d like to know something about you, so I m going to ask some questions about you.
●Can you say something about yourselves(Where are you from What can you tell me about your family Can you tell me something about your work or studies Do you have any hobbies How did you become interested in your hobby)
Part B
Interlocutor:
●Now I d like you to talk about something between yourselves, but speak loudly so that we can hear you. You should take care to share the opportunity of speaking.(Put the picture in front of both candidates and give instructions with reference to the picture)
●Suppose you are classmates. You are talking about the end of the school term. Both of you are going to leave school and start work. Discuss between yourselves that you d like to do after leaving school and why you want to choose the job.
●This picture is for your reference. You have three minutes for this. Would you like to begin now, please
Part C
Interlocutor:
●I m going to give each of you a picture and I d like you to first briefly describe and then give your comment on what you see in the picture.
(Put picture 1 in front of both candidates)
●Candidate A, this is your picture. You have three minutes to talk about it.
●Candidate B, listen carefully while Candidate A is speaking. When he/she has inished, I d like you to ask him/her a question about what he/she has said.
●Candidate A, would you like to begin now, please
Candidate A:(Three minutes)
picture 1
Interlocutor:
●Thank you. Now, Candidate B, could you please ask your partner a question
(Half a minute for asking and answering the question)
(Take back picture 1 and put picture 2 in front of both candidates)
●OK, Candidate B, here is your picture. You also have three minutes to talk about your picture.
●Candidate A, listen carefully while Candidate B is speaking. When he/she has finished, I d like you to ask him/her a question about he/she has said.
●Candidate B, would you like to begin now, please
Candidate B:(Three minutes)
Distance
picture 2
Interlocutor:
●Thank you. Now, Candidate A, could you please
ask your partner a question
(Half a minute for asking and answering the question)
●Thank you. That is the end of the test.
KEYS：
Part B
61.医学院的先生在进修12年以后获得的首要印象是现在美国的头号安康题目乃至比艾滋病或癌症更严峻，那便是美国不晓得若何斟酌安康和疾病的题目。
62.咱们对上述题目的反映仅构成在惊骇的条理上。咱们惧怕最坏的环境，等候最坏的环境呈现，如许做的成果是致使最坏的环境呈现。
63.成果是咱们成了一个体弱多病的和得了疑病的国度，成了一个自我医治的社会。咱们没法辨别姑且的、平常的病症和那些须要专业大夫医治的病症。
64.小时辰，咱们也曾被一种奇异的设法所安排，那便是咱们一向不时地蒙受一种看不见的、叫做"细菌"的怪物的进犯，并且咱们不得不时辰坚持警戒，以防这些怪物发怒时对咱们的身材构成危险。
65.可是咱们错误别的一个决议性现实赐与一样的正视。这个现实便是咱们有完善的身材机质来对于这群小恶魔，而对它们的进犯采用先下手为强的最好体例是坚持一种理智的糊口体例。
Section IV
66.Great Advancement
With the introduction of the opening up policy, China has made rapid progress in various fields. The tremendous increase in overseas tourism of one city shown here is one example.
The two graphs demonstrate the increase in overseas tourists person/time and the growth of foreign currency income from international tourism. In 1979, at the beginning of the implementation of the opening up policy, the total number of the person/time tourists was only 28,352, winning a small amount of foreign currency of 5,500,000 US dollars. As the opening up program continues, both figures are going up. By 1990, the number of person/time tourists had reached 65,404, nearly double that of 1979; the foreign currency rose to 23,140,000 US dollars, an increase of more than four fold. Since 1990, however, tourism has undergone more rapid development.
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