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天下英语品级测验三级精选浏览考题
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Passage Seven (The Most Important of All Human Qualities is a Sense of Humor)
Biologically, there is only one quality which distinguishes us from animals: the ability to laugh. In a universe which appears to be utterly devoid of humor, we enjoy this supreme luxury. And it is a luxury, for unlike any other bodily process, laughter does not seem to serve a biologically useful purpose. In a divide world, laughter is a unifying force. Human beings oppose each other on a great many issues. Nations may disagree about systems of government and human relations may be plagued by ideological factions and political camps, but we all share the ability to laugh. And laughter, in turn, depends on that most complex and subtle of all human qualities: a sense of humor Certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal. This can best be seen from the world-wide popularity of Charlie Chaplin’s early films. The little man at odds with society never fails to amuse no matter which country we come from. As that great commentator on human affairs, Dr. Samuel Johnson, once remarked, ‘Men have been wise in very different modes; but they have always laughed in the same way.’
A sense of humor may take various forms and laughter may be anything from a refined tingle to an earth quaking roar, but the effect is always the same. Humor helps us to maintain a correct sense of values. It is the one quality which political fanatics appear to lack. If we can see the funny side, we never make the mistake of taking ourselves too seriously. We are always reminded that tragedy is not really far removed from comedy, so we never get a lop sided view of things.
This is one of the chief functions of satire and irony. Human pain and suffering are so grim; we hover so often on the brink of war; political realities are usually enough to plunge us into total despair. In such circumstances, cartoons and satirical accounts of somber political events redress the balance. They take the wind out of pompous and arrogant politicians who have lost their sense of proportion. They enable us to see that many of our most profound actions are merely comic or absurd. We laugh when a great satirist like Swift writes about war in Gulliver’s Travels. The Lilliputians and their neighbors attack each other because they can’t agree which end to break an egg. We laugh because we meant to laugh; but we are meant to weep too. It is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish.
The sense of humor must be singled out as man’s most important quality because it is associated with laughter. And laughter, in turn, is associated with happiness. Courage, determination, initiative - these are qualities we share with other forms of life. But the sense of humor is uniquely human. If happiness is one of the great goals of life, then it is the sense of humor that provides the key.
1. The most important of all human qualities is
[A] a sense of humor.
[B] A sense of satire.
[C] A sense of laughter.
[D] A sense of history.
2. The author mentions about Charlie Chaplin’s early films because
[A] they can amuse people.
[B] Human beings are different from animals.
[C] They show that certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal.
[D] They show that people have the same ability to laugh.
3. One of the chief functions of irony and satire is
[A] to show absurdity of actions.
[B] to redress balance.
[C] to take the wind out of politicians.
[D] to show too much grimness in the world.
4. What do we learn from the sentence ‘it is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish in totalitarian regimes?’
[A] It can reveal the truth of political events with satire.
[B] It can arouse people to riot.
[C] It shows tragedy and comedy are related.
[D] It can make people laugh.
5. Who is Swift?
[A] A novelist.
[B] A poet.
[C] A dramatist.
[D] A essayist.
Vocabulary
1. devoid 不，2. 缺少
3. plague n.瘟疫，4. 引人懊恼的人和事v.给……形成费事，5. 疾苦，6. 坚苦
7. faction 家数
8. comic stereotype 好笑/风趣的情势
9. commentator (集注)作者，10. 批评员，11. 讲解员
12. tinkle n.连续串的丁零声，13. 德律风声，14. v.使收回丁零声
15. fanatic 狂热者(尤指16. 宗教、政治的狂热)
17. lop-sided 不18. 平均的
19. hover 飞翔，20. 回旋;旁皇
21. somber 低落的，22. 阴暗的，23. 严重的
24. redress 改正，25. 弥补
26. pompous 自豪的，27. 夸张的
28. arrogant 傲岸的
29. proportion 平衡，30. 均匀，31. 平衡，32. 比例
33. Lilliputian 微型的，34. 极小的，35. 源自《格列佛纪行》中的君子国里的人
36. totalitarian 极权主义的
37. regime 政体，38. 政权，39. 统治体例或轨制
难句译注
1. In a divided world, laughter is a unifying force.
【参考译文】在割裂的天下中，2. 笑是一种促进分歧(连合)的气力。
3. Human relations may be plagued by ideological factions and political camps,
【参考译文】人际干系能够因思惟认识家数和政治营垒的差别而4. 受扰乱。
5. Certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal.
【参考译文】某些风趣的情势具备环球性的结果。
6. Charlie Chaplin查理·卓别林1889-1977，7. 英国嘲讽风趣剧及片子演员，8. 导演及制片人。
9. At odds with society和社会格格不10. 入。
11. Dr. Samuel Johnson撒缪尔·约翰生，12. 1709-1784，13. 英国辞典编撰者及作家。
14. A sense of humor may take various forms and laughter may be anything from a refined tinkle to an earth quaking roar.
【参考译文】诙谐感表现的体例多种多样，15. 笑或许是银铃般文雅轻笑，16. 或许是震17. 耳欲聋的放声大笑。
18. If we can see the funny side, we never make the mistake of taking ourselves too seriously.
【参考译文】若是咱们能见到好笑的一面，19. 咱们就不20. 会犯这类毛病：对本身看得太重(自觉得了不21. 起)。
22. We are always reminded that tragedy is not really far removed from comedy, so we never get a lop-sided view of things.
【参考译文】咱们会常常提示本身祸兮福所伏(笑剧离笑剧实际并不23. 悠远)，24. 那咱们决不25. 会偏执一词地看事物。
26. Take the wind out of sb’s sails使或人泄气或泄气。
27. Swift Jonathan swift乔纳森·思惟福特1667-1745，28. 英国作家，29. 生于都柏林，30. 曾获牛津大学硕士，31. 三一学院神学博士学位，32. 1688年到英国，33. 后插手英国国教会。他同34. 情英国统治下的爱尔兰国民，35. 主动参与他们为争夺自在和民族自力的奋斗。他以政治嘲讽文著世，36. 其文笔锋利、嘲讽锋利、文章推理周密，37. 用词简练、说话俭朴清楚，38. 被以为是英语的典型，39. 《格列佛纪行》是他的代表作之一。
40. We laugh because we are meant to laugh; but we are meant to weep too.
【布局简析】mean to do是筹算或必定要…，41. 普通用于主动。
【参考译文】咱们笑是由于想笑，42. 但是咱们也想哭。是指43. 君子国和邻国仅仅为打鸡蛋一类大事而44. 兵戈好笑，45. 确切也是可悲。作者连系实际指46. 出是人类笑剧之地点。
写作体例与文章粗心
文章以部部深切，普通到详细的写作手段论及笑是人类独占的功效。
情势多种、结果一样。天下人有各类概念、轨制、人际干系，对风趣的工具城市报之以笑――一种分歧的气力。
笑基于诙谐感，有了它，人们会悲观、兴奋、轻松，不偏不倚地看待统统，笑剧中寓以笑剧，诙谐感又是人类开启幸运之门的钥匙。
论及的同时作者佐以例子，卓别林的初期片子，《格列佛纪行》中的君子国战斗等。
谜底详解
1. A 诙谐感。文章一路头就提出人类有别于植物是人有笑的功效，2. 天下纷争复杂、人际干系因认识概念差别而3. 坚持，4. 国度轨制不 5. 一，6. 但人们都能笑。笑基于人类最复7. 杂而8. 又奥妙的品德――诙谐感。反过去说不诙谐感的人生怕难以笑。第二段正式指9. 出：诙谐感表现情势多种多样，而10. 笑可由浅笑到狂笑各类，11. 但其结果不异，12. 诙谐感有助于咱们坚持准确的代价观。这是政治狂热者所缺少的特点。若是咱们能看见风趣好笑的一面，13. 咱们就不14. 会犯过于垂青本身的毛病。咱们总会记得笑剧离笑剧不15. 愿，16. 是以，17. 咱们不18. 会有侧重某一测的概念。第四段一语道破的指19. 出诙谐是人类最重要的特点，20. 由于它和笑声连系在一路。而21. 笑又是和幸运接洽在一路。勇气、决计、缔造力特点，22. 咱们和其余性命情势同享，而23. 诙谐感是人类所独占的。若是幸运是咱们糊口的巨大方针，24. 那诙谐感便是开启幸运的钥匙。
B.嘲讽感。这是第三段讲的内容，25. 嘲讽的功效，26. 但不27. 是人类最重要的特点。C.笑感。D.汗青概念。
28. C 作者提卓别林的片子的目标是证实某些笑剧情势对全天下都有吸收力。
A.它能够媚谄任何人。B.人类和植物差别29. 。D.证实人有同30. 样笑的功效。
31. B 使各类工作从头相称和平衡。第三段侧重讲了这一点。人类在疾苦中挣扎，32. 常处于战斗的边缘。政治完成令人失望，33. 在这类处境中， 34. 对某些政治事物的嘲讽奚落和漫画能够使各类心思从头平衡，35. 能够使落空平衡感的政客公开傲岸头颅;能够使我看见很多艰深的工作荒诞好笑。
A.表现行动的荒诞乖张。C.使政治家泄气。D.表现天下上太多的令人懊丧之事。
36. A它能够以嘲讽的手段诠释政治时候的本相。
B.这可促使国民暴动。C.它表现了笑剧和笑剧相接洽。D.它能令人哭。
37. A小说家。
B.墨客。C.戏剧家。D.散文家。
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