英语专业八级浏览操练及谜底

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英语专业八级浏览操练及谜底

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英语专业八级浏览操练及谜底

　　Passage One (Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice)

　　In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned.There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging.Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence – as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other.What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all.We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged.The whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing.We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute.The sheer horror, the bloodshed, the suffering mean nothing.No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.

　　The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and herder to get a hearing.They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement.If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution.Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake.In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social programme.The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us.Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law.

　　Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each other’s problems.And to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple exercise in communication, in exchanging information.'Talk, talk, talk,’the advocates of violence say,‘all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser.’It’s rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge.After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser.‘Possible, my lord,’the barrister replied,‘none the wiser, but surely far better informed.’Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve.

　　1.What is the best title for this passage?

　　[A]Advocating Violence.

　　[B]Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice.

　　[C]Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution.

　　[D]The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.

　　2.Recorded history has taught us ___________

　　[A]violence never solves anything.

　　[B]nothing.

　　[C]the bloodshed means nothing.

　　[D]everything.

　　3.It can be inferred that truly reasonable men ___________

　　[A]can’t get a hearing.

　　[B]are looked down upon.

　　[C]are persecuted.

　　[D]Have difficulty in advocating law enforcement.

　　4.“He was none the wiser” means ___________

　　[A]he was not at all wise in listening.

　　[B]He was not at all wiser than nothing before.

　　[C]He gains nothing after listening.

　　[D]He makes no sense of the argument.

　　5.According the author the best way to solve race prejudice is ___________

　　[A]law enforcement.

　　[B]knowledge.

　　[C]nonviolence.

　　[D]Mopping up the violent mess.

　　Vocabulary

　　1.acute 严峻的，猛烈的，灵敏的

　　2.loot v.掳掠，打劫;n.赃物

　　3.pillage v.掳掠，打劫

　　4.crunch v.吱嘎吱嘎咬或嚼某物;n.破裂声

　　eg.when it comes to the crunch = if/when the decisive moment comes. 当关头时辰离开时。

　　5.war-paint 出战前涂于身上的颜料。(美印第安兵士用)

　　6.come to light = become known 显现，为人所知

　　7.sap 剥削，使伤元气，粉碎

　　I was sapped by months of hospital treatment. 我住院医治几个月，大伤元气。

　　8.mop up 擦去，对于，处置

　　9.wake 船迹，航迹

　　in the wake of sth. = come after 随某事以后到来。

　　难句译注

　　1.What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all.

　　【布局简析】when it comes to the crunch = when / if the decisive moment comes.当关头时辰离开时。

　　【参考译文】真正使人可怖的，使人失望的是，在关头时辰，人们认识到咱们一点儿也不前进/前进。

　　2.Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake.

　　【布局简析】in the wake of 在…以后。

　　【参考译文】由于咱们不得不清算掉暴力以后所留下的烂摊子，咱们的气力是以减弱了。

　　3.After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser.

　　【布局简析】none + the + 比拟级。牢固用法，义：not at all 一点儿也不。EX: After the treatment, he is none the better.医治后，他并不是以见好，(一点儿也不见好)。

　　【参考译文】听了状师的长篇诠释，法官诉苦说他一无所得，并不是以变得伶俐些。

　　4.Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom.

　　【参考译文】常识是伶俐的须要的先决条件。连系高低文这里意思是：领会环境是处置题目的先决条件。句子前面的诠释：常识是指领会它欲以处置暴力制作的罪行。

　　写作方式与文章粗心

　　作者首要以对照的手段写出了暴力是有些国度用以处置种族差别的公认方式，这是人天性不前进的表现，真正明智的人提出了法制才是处置题目的独一路子，而这些人遭人不放在眼里、毒害。作者指出若是咱们把利用暴力的一半精神放在消弭穷户窟，改良糊口程度，供给教导和失业，断根暴力形成的效果，也便是经由过程对它以法治理是能真正处置种族题目的。虽然这些暴力者接纳不闻不问的立场。谜底详解

　　1.B。暴力难以消弭种族成见。文章一起头就提出有些国度种族成见严峻，而暴力倒是公认的一种处置方式。白人接纳暴力弹压，黑人以防火、掠抢为抵挡。而两边的小人物安静地论及暴力，仿佛这是一种正当的处置计划。作者就此指出人类的前进只在于外表――服饰等，人类的天性不转变。全部有记实汗青的文件不教会人类任何工具。这是真正使人恐怖的事务。

　　第二段论及真正有明智的晓得处置计划地点的人宣传法制，人们不停。他们反而收到不放在眼里、毒害。作者就此提出假定，答出真实的处置计划嗜法制，以法治理。

　　第三段进一步申明“交换、对话”是领会两边题目的条件，即便暴力者不赞成，但晓得暴力制作它伪装要处置的罪行，是伶俐伶俐的须要条件。

　　A.宣传暴力。C.两边主要人物都把暴力作为正当的处置计划。D. 人类的天性是嗜暴性。

　　2.B。不甚么。第一段中就明白提出全部人类有记实汗青又长又臭的暴力文件记实，一点都不教给咱们任何工具。

　　A.暴力处置不了任何任务。C.殛毙(流血)不任何意思。D.统统。

　　3.D。在宣传法制方面有坚苦。谜底在第二段，真正有明智的人宣传法制，受到同类们的不放在眼里、不信赖和毒害。他们发明要人聆听他们的定见愈来愈坚苦。

　　A.人们不听。B.遭人不放在眼里。C.遭人毒害。这三项都包罗在D项内。

　　4.C。听后无所得。None the wiser一点也不比之前伶俐(这是按字面翻译)。现实便是C项。

　　A.在聆听别人上他一点也不伶俐。B.他和之前一个样。D.他听不懂论点。

　　A　法制。第二段最初一句，若是咱们在法令的构架中停止任务，真实的耐久的处置老是能完成的。第二段第二句，他们受到毒害是由于他们宣传法制这类明显使人不能容忍的事。

　　B.常识。C.非暴力。D.处置暴力带来的紊乱

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